UAVR 系統方法進行老舊建物翻新與預售屋客變研究

摘要無人機技術，也稱為無人飛行器(unmanned aerial vehicles, UAVs)，在建築行業中由於多種原因而被使用。作為一種改善通訊，安全和營銷的技術，在建築領域使用無人機可以帶來多種好處；通過在地面上實時捕獲圖像來監控施工進度。在大多數建築物調查中，需要建築物屋頂的可見性以識別其狀況並評估報告。在大多數情況下，進入高海拔地區可能很困難，並且通常涉及取消工作。使用無人機收集數據可以節省時間，金錢，並減少測量屋頂和進入困難區域的健康和安全風險。無人機可以產生一系列地理參考圖像，其中代表了三個維度。在本研究中，Bentley contextcapture有助於將圖像處理為精確的紋理3D照片模型。因此，建築的翻新需要許多參數，例如距離，地理參考，材料的數量和體積，如果沒有避免錯誤的技術，就無法收集所有這些參數。除了城市化的快速發展之外，不借助技術來提供城市或地區的3D模型也非常困難。這項研究探索了建築信息模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)和無人機技術在建築業中的現有使用狀況，研究產生了3D模型並對名為ST的舊校舍進行了翻新。位於桃園縣的Francis Xavier高中，使用無人機，Bentley contextcapture和BIM Revit佔地超過 2.0730公頃。在這項研究中，使用了幾種軟件和技術來實現項目。為了通過Bentley contextcapture生成3D照片模型對建築物進行翻新，將該文件導入到Acute 3D Viewer中，然後由測量系統在Revit和Acute 3D Viewer之間繪製該項目，結果表明目標是通過計算機輔助設計CAD格式為建築師提供實際尺寸，以繪製新的外部和內部設計。裝修後，本研究使用虛擬現實(Virtual Reality, VR)和增強現實(Augmented Reality, AR)為客戶提供更清晰的環境視野。該VR系統將用於公司、所有者和投資者之間的預售房屋功能。這項研究將使用的項目是位於中和區的一座五層樓，兩層地下室的建築，結果表明，對於預售房屋的展示，採用了事件驅動過程鏈圖(Event-Driven Process Chain, EPC)的技術用於包括多個文件的導入和導出。此外，圖表系統使客戶有機會在將來的構造中對材料，設計和時間表進行更改。客戶做出並經公司批准的這些不同變更將對公司起草的初始合同產生影響。該軟件 fuzor在確保實現VR和AR的同時，還保持了圖上不同階段的一致性。為了滿足項目所有權和項目價格和時間的要求，Navisworks和Revit還允許對項目進行良好的管理。EPC圖將有兩個替代方案，第一個替代方案將由公司根據市場需求提出。然後遵循第二種選擇，這將是客戶在使用VR和AR諮詢公司的建議後提出的新建議。在EPC系統進行這些更改後，材料，其他設計的價格，設備，人工，材料和分包商的價格將根據所有者的建議進行更新。

關鍵字

關鍵字：無人機； 3D照片模型；建築信息模型；老建築；增強現實；虛擬現實；預售房屋。

並列摘要

Abstract Drone technology, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), is used for several reasons in the construction industry. As a technology that improves communication, security and marketing, the use of drones in the construction sector can offer multiple benefits ; monitor the progress of the construction by capturing images in real time on the ground. In most building surveys, visibility of the roof of the building is required to identify its condition and assess a report. In most cases, access to a high altitude can be difficult and often involves canceling the work. Using a drone to collect data can save time, money and reduce the health and safety risks of surveying a roof and accessing difficult areas to reach. Drones can produce a series of georeferenced images, in which the three dimensions are represented. In this study, Bentley context capture helps to process images into precise and textured 3D photo models. So that the renovation of the construction requires many parameters, such as distances, geographic references, quantities and volumes of materials, all these parameters cannot be collected without the help of technologies to avoid errors. In addition to the rapid evolution of urbanization, it is very difficult to provide a 3D model of a city or a locality without resorting to technology. This study explores the state of art for existing use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and UAVs technologies in the construction industry, this study produce the 3D model and the renovation of the old school building named ST. Francis Xavier High School located in Taoyuan County which has over than 2.0730 hectare using UAVs, Bentley contextcapture and BIM Revit. In this study several software and techniques were used for the realization of the projects. For the renovation of the building after having produced the 3D photo model by Bentley contextcapture, this file was imported in Acute 3D Viewer for then the project was drawn by the measurement system between Revit and Acute 3D Viewer.As the result showed the goal is to provide the architects with real dimensions to draw a new exterior and interior design by computer-aided design CAD format. After the renovation this study uses the Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) to give a clearer vision of the environment to the customers. This VR system will be used in the functions of the pre-sale houses between companies, owners and investors. The project that will be used for this study is a building of five floors and two basement located in the District of Zhonghe.As the result showed, for the presentation of the presalehouse, the technique of the Event-Driven Process Chain (EPC) diagram is used including the import and export of several files. In addition the diagram system gives customers the opportunity to make changes regarding materials, design and timeliner in future construction. These different changes made by the customers and approved by the company will generate consequences for the initial contract drawn up by the company. The software fuzor to ensure the realization of the VR and AR while maintaining a concordance of the different stages of the diagram. To satisfy the requests of the ownership of, the project price and timing, Naviswork and Revit have also allowed the good management of the project. The EPC diagram will have two alternatives, the first alternative will be proposed by the company according to the demand on the market. Then follow the second alternative, this will be the new proposals suggested by the customers after consulting the proposals of the company using VR and AR. At the end of these various changes by the EPC system the prices of materials, other design, the implication of equipment, labor, materials and subcontractors will be updated according to the proposal of the owner.

並列關鍵字

Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ； 3D photos model ； Building Information Modeling ； Old building ； Augmented Reality ； Virtual Reality ； Presale House

參考文獻

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UAVR 系統方法進行老舊建物翻新與預售屋客變研究

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