家長教養信念對兒少虐待態度之影響

本研究旨在瞭解家長對於兒少虐待態度為何，以及他們的教養信念與兒少虐待態度之間的關連性，並透過不同的個人背景因素探討家長對教養信念與兒少虐待態度的差異情形。本研究採用量化研究，以臺中市就讀公立學校（包含幼兒園、國小、中學）的學生之家長為研究對象，有效問卷共計361份，所蒐集的資料以抽述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關，以及多元迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析，所獲得的研究結果如下：一、家長的教養信念中，以「品德觀」最被家長們所認同，其次是「期望觀」，而對於「順從觀」與「自我犧牲觀」的教養信念則相對平均數較低。二、家長對於身體虐待的支持態度高於疏忽與精神虐待。三、家長的性別會影響其「自我犧牲觀」，而年齡、家庭月收入、族群、子女人數與其身體虐待的態度有顯著差異。四、家長的「順從觀」與「身體虐待態度」有顯著相關，「期望觀」與「精神虐待態度」、「疏忽態度」有顯著相關，「品德觀」與「精神虐待態度」、「疏忽態度」有顯著相關。五、家長的年齡、家庭月收入、族群、子女人數能夠共同預測身體虐待態度。最後，本研究依據結果與發現，提出政策、實務與未來學術研究方向之建議，以供參考。

關鍵字

教養信念；兒少虐待態度；兒少虐待

並列摘要

The study aimed to examine parental attitudes towards child abuse as well as its relationship with parenting beliefs. Diverse demographic factors were adopted to investigate the differences in parenting beliefs and parental attitudes towards child abuse. The study was quantitative in nature. The participants were parents of public school students (preschool, elementary school, junior high school) enrolled in Taichung City. A total of 361 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-Test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1.In terms of parenting beliefs, concept of morality was emphasized the most, followed by concept of expectation. On the contrary, the mean scores of concept of obedience and concept of self-sacrifice were relatively lower. 2.The support attitudes of physical abuse were higher than those of neglect and mental abuse. 3.Parents’ gender affected the concept of self-sacrifice. Age, household monthly income, ethnic group, and numbers of children resulted in significant differences in parental attitudes towards physical abuse. 4.Parents’ concept of obedience was significantly correlated with attitudes towards physical abuse. Concept of expectation was respectively correlated with attitudes towards psychological abuse and neglect attitudes at a significant level.　Significant correlation was also found respectively between concept of morality and attitudes towards psychological abuse, as well as concept of morality and neglect attitudes. 5.Parents’ age, household monthly income, ethnic group, and number of children were factors capable of predicting attitudes towards physical abuse. Based on the results and findings of the study, suggestions for policy making, practice, and future research are proposed.