台灣農村土地使用問題之研究

Study on Taiwan’s Rural Land-Use Issues

吳大成(Wu Ta-cheng)

指導教授 ： 謝敏捷　博士

國立中正大學/社會科學院/政治學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

台灣於2002年1月1日正式加入WTO會員國之一，影響台灣不只是農地休耕及農村生態上，勢必造成稻米產量減少的全球糧食危機影響。稻米產量為台灣農業史上最大的基礎產業，其一向扮演著非常重要的角色，其中在農地、農民及農村資源配置比重也遠高於其他產業。同時，政府對於稻米產業的相關政策也所在多，從早期的肥料換穀、進出口管制，到保價收購、休耕轉作、限量進口，或以關稅配額方式開放市場等，再再影響市場機能、所得分配與整體資源分配。
政府加入WTO後農村生產力降低，導致人口大量外移到臨近都市地區工作，而令農村文化無以為繼，更、讓原本的城鄉的差距又變的更大，造成農地的荒廢
。就針對目前政策制度、農地活化及農村生活環境為考量，探討農地使用問題，更落實改善農村計畫，因應農村整體發展，改善農村生活提升，加強宣導農村再生政策，始得人民更加了解政府極力促進農村社區土地的合理使用、加強社區建設、改善農村樂活品質，適應未來農業發展的需要。

關鍵詞：農村再生、農村社區、農地休耕、集村農舍、小地主大佃農

關鍵字

小地主大佃農 ； 集村農舍 ； 農地休耕 ； 農村社區 ； 農村再生

並列摘要

Study on Taiwan’s Rural Land-Use Issues

Abstract

On January 1, 2002, Taiwan officially joined in the World Trade Organization (WTO). This has had an impact on Taiwan’s fallow agricultural land and rural ecology. It will also likely lead to a reduction in rice production due to the global food crisis. Historically, rice production has accounted for the largest part of Taiwan's agricultural industry. The proportion of agricultural land, farmers, and rural resource allocation is far higher for rice production than other industries. The government's policies for the rice industry encompass the early fertilizer used for the grain, import and export controls, the protection of the price of acquisition, the transfer of fallow land, limited imports or tariff quotas on the open market, assessing the effect of the market function, income distribution, and the overall allocation of resources.

After joining the WTO, the rural productivity in Taiwan decreased. As a result, a large segment of the population moved close to urban areas, making it difficult to sustain rural culture. The gap between urban and rural areas increased, resulting in abandoned agricultural land. To address the present policy regime, there must be agricultural revitalization in the context of a rural living environment. Agricultural land-use issues should also be explored, and measures should be implemented to improve rural planning. Overall rural development should include improving rural livelihoods and strengthening public awareness of rural regeneration policies. People who are knowledgeable about the government’s policies should strongly promote the rational use of land in rural communities, strengthen community building, and improve the quality of rural areas to meet the future needs of agricultural development.

Keywords：Rural regeneration、Rural communities、Fallow farmland、
Set the village farmhouse、Small landowners large tenant

並列關鍵字

Set the village farmhouse ； Fallow farmland ； Rural communities ； Rural regeneration ； Small landowners large tenant

參考文獻

周金樹，(2008)，<集村農舍開發相關法令與實行政院農業委員會務彙編>，詹式

陳立人，＜土地使用管制與Cosec定理～管制權與利用權的探討＞，《經濟部》。

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彭秀萍、毛冠貴，＜台灣農村生態旅遊發展策略之研究＞。

韓乾，＜從土地與環境倫理層面探討台灣土地問題質解決之道＞。