本研究主要在評估以YM或modified Bisakowski’s formula (MBF) broth培養的Morchella esculenta BCRC 36348與Armillaria mellea ATCC 11113之多醣生產與抗氧化性質。當M. esculenta培養於MBF broth 有最大胞內外多醣,分別為166 mg/g DW與0.275 mg/ml,而A. mellea亦以培養於MBF broth者有較多之胞內外多醣,分別為82.6 mg/g DW與0.731 mg/ml。 抗氧化性質的分析上,則分別量測各樣品的抗氧化力(共軛雙烯)、捕捉DPPH能力、還原力(普魯士藍)和螯合亞鐵離子能力並作比較。抗氧化力方面,熱水萃取物中,以萃自M. esculenta YM培養者最佳,濃度在10 mg/ml時,抗氧化效率可達78.74%;甲醇萃取物中,以萃自A. mellea YM (pH 5)培養者較佳,濃度在10 mg/ml時,其抗氧化效率達91.6%;在胞外發酵液中,以取自A. mellea YM (pH 5)培養者較佳,在濃度5 mg/ml時,抗氧化力達86.5%。捕捉DPPH能力方面,在熱水萃取物中,取自A. mellea兩種培養者皆呈現較高效率,在濃度2 mg/ml時,皆達76 %以上;甲醇萃取物與胞外發酵液中,皆以萃自A. mellea YM (pH 5)培養者較佳,在濃度為5 mg/ml時,分別達95.2%與93.9%。還原力方面,熱水和甲醇萃取物以及胞外發酵液中,皆以萃自A. mellea YM (pH 5)者較佳,還原力(OD700)分別為0.56 (在濃度1 mg/ml時)、0.59 (在濃度1 mg/ml時)和0.81 (在濃度5 mg/ml時)。螯合亞鐵離子能力方面,熱水萃取物中,以萃自A. mellea MBF培養者較佳,在濃度20 mg/ml時,達90%;在甲醇萃取物中,以萃取自M. esculenta MBF培養者較佳,在5 mg/ml時,達91.59%;在胞外發酵液中,以取自A. mellea YM培養者較佳,在濃度5 mg/ml時,達89.84%。四種抗氧化性質中,僅有A. mellea之還原力和多酚量有較明顯的正相關性。
The production of endopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide as well as antioxidant properties of Morchella esculenta BCRC 36348 and Armillaria mellea ATCC 11113 grown in YM or modified Bisakowski’s formula (MBF) broth were investigated. The amount of endopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide produced by M. esculenta in MBF broth were 166 mg/g DW and 0.28 mg/ml, respectively. The amount of endopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide produced by A. mellea in MBF broth were 82.6 mg/g DW and 0.73 mg/ml, respectively. Both M. esculenta and A. mellea grown in MBF broth produced more endopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide than those in YM broth. To evaluate the antioxidant properties, we examined the antioxidant activity by conjugated diene method, the scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, the reducing power and the chelating effects on ferrous ions of hot water extract, methanol extract and extracellular fluid. The higher antioxidant activities were obtained in hot water extract from M. esculenta in YM broth, 78.7% at 10 mg/ml, methanol extract from A. mellea in YM (pH 5) broth, 91.6% at 5 mg/ml and extracellular fluid from A. mellea in YM (pH 5) broth, 86.5% at 5 mg/ml. The better scavenging effects were observed in hot water extract from A. mellea both in YM and MBF broth, ~76% at 2 mg/ml, methanol extract and extracellular fluid from A. mellea in YM (pH 5) broth, 95.2 and 93.9% at 5 mg/ml, respectively. The higher reducing powers were obtained in hot water extract, methanol extract and extracellular fluid from A. mellea in YM (pH 5) broth, 0.56 at 1 mg/ml,0.6 at 1 mg/ml, and 0.81 at 5 mg/ml, respctively. The better chelating effects on ferrous ions were observed in hot water extract from A. mellea in MBF broth, 90% at 20 mg/ml, methanol extract from M. esculenta in MBF broth, 91.6% at 5 mg/ml, extracellular fluid from A. mellea in YM (pH 5) broth, 89.8% at 5 mg/ml. The reducing powers of hot water extract, methanol extract and extracellular fluid from A. mellea showed positive correlation with their total phenol amount.
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