光合菌在水產養殖上的應用

Photosynthetic Bacteria in the Aquaculture

張家瑋(Chia-Wei Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳志成

大同大學/工程學院/生物工程學系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

台灣水產養殖業開始進入大規模飼養後，則開始出現各種魚病及水質惡化等問題。然而當我們使用化學藥品來控制魚病與水質，卻可能引發生物抗藥性、藥物殘留及污染水體環境等更為嚴重的問題。由於養殖池經過長期使用後因放養密度過高，投餌飼料過量與生物排泄物累積等問題，而引發養殖環境之有效管理，增進魚隻存活率及成長率等研究。本研究即是探討益生菌或微生物製劑是否能夠有效改善養殖環境、抑制魚病與提高產量。研究結果指出光合菌添加在養殖池中，可有效利用養殖池底的有機物，達到淨化水質及防治養殖疾病，提高養殖魚類存活率的功效。光合菌也可以改善水產養殖生態環境，降低氨氮、生物須氧量BOD及增加溶氧等作用。光合菌在作為魚、蝦等生物體的餌料方面，因其含有豐富蛋白質、維生素及促進生長因子等物質，動物吸收光合菌後，能明顯提升個體抗病能力、促進生長、幫助消化、提升重量、縮短飼養時間以及下降病害發生率，進而提高存活率。所以水產養殖業使用光合菌，將有助於獲利，也能夠使臺灣養殖技術進一步提升，達成永續經營的目標。

關鍵字

益生菌 ； 水產養殖 ； 光合細菌

並列摘要

Due to the Taiwan’s large-scale aquaculture industry, the problem of fish’s diseases and deterioration of water quality has become evident. The use of chemicals for the control of fish diseases or water quality, results in a more serious problem of drug resistance of fish’s diseases, chemicals contamination and environmental pollution problems. In addition, due to the long-time usage of the aquaculture pool, high quantity of feeding bait, and the high cultivation density resulted in the accumulation of biological waste. It needs to find the most effective way to improve the cultivation environment, and also the enhancement of fish’s survival and growth rate. This study is to explore the probiotics or the microbial products that can effectively improve the culture environment, reducing of fish’s diseases, and improvement of the aquaculture productivity. In this study, we concluded that the adding of photosynthetic bacteria to the aquaculture pool could effectively digest the organic wastes in the bottom of culture pool; therefore, it could help to improve the water quality, control of aquaculture diseases, and enhancement of the fish’s survival rate. Meanwhile the aquaculture ecological environment could be improved by reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, BOD, and also increase of the dissolved oxygen. Photosynthetic bacteria could be used as the nutrition for fish, shrimp and other organisms. Photosynthetic bacteria contain protein, vitamins, growth factors and other physiologically active substances for the improvement of fish’s growth and healthy conditions. By using Photosynthetic bacteria in the aquaculture, the farmer could have better profitability. The upgrading culture technology can also promise a sustainable aquaculture industry in our country.

並列關鍵字

aquaculture ； photosynthetic bacteria ； probiotics

參考文獻

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