生物劑量偵測應用於輻射過量暴露民眾之簡介

Biological Dosimetry and Monitoring for Citizens with Excessive Ionizing Radiation Exposure

張武修(Wushou P. Chang)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 13卷2期 (1994/04) Pp. 105-112

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1994-13-02-01

摘要

對於長期或短期意外暴露於異常過量輻射線的民眾或工作人員，如何妥當地準確評估身體所接受之劑量，以及協助維護其往後的健康，長久以來即為臨床醫學與公共衛生學者所關心的事情。過去，由於已知的一些生物劑量偵測方法並不靈敏，科學界對於輻射線如何影響生物的了解，相當有限。然而近十年來，隨著生物科技的進步，科學家們已致力發展出一些較前靈敏的生物劑量偵測法，也在近年許多輻射污染人員的檢體中加以應用評估。本文就這些新發展，評估良好的偵測方法，簡要記述如下，以備國人參考與採用。

關鍵字

游離輻射 ； 生物劑量 ； 生物指標

並列摘要

More than two hundreds of citizens are recently suspected to have been exposed to unexpectedly excessive dose of ionizing radiation in the residential environment in Metropolitan Taipei, Taiwan. A much higher risk of radiation-induced neoplasm, hereditary or genetic damage might have been incurred in these victims without appropriate warning. There is urgent need for well-designed and organized medical or public health professionals to provide estimation of biological dosimetry for all these individuals.
Several biological markers specific for ionizing radiation exposure have been employed in the previous radiation accidents in several countries. A few newly developed markers are playing more important roles for estimation of chronic low level, low linear- energy-transfer (LET) radiation. A review of these biological dosimetry and monitoring for citizens described is offered, though not comprehensive. This is intended to provide update informations and to frame better direction of medical responses in the coming future.

並列關鍵字

Ionizing radiation ； biological dosimetry ； biological markers