母親職業，餵食互動行為與嬰兒發展之關係

Relations among Maternal Working Status Feeding Behaviors, and Infant Development

蕭淑貞(Shu-Jen Shiau) ； 張桂玲(Gei-Lin Chang) ； 洪文綺(Win-Chin Hung) ； 余玉眉(Yu-Mei Yu)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 13卷4期 (1994/08) Pp. 352-361

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1994-13-04-07

摘要

在傳統的食行餵為中，父母盡量將食物“餵”進子女。中，其實餵食行為是一種非常複雜且豐富的親情互動行為。就營養觀點而言，餵食是嬰兒生命中重要的一部分；由互動的觀點來看，餵食行動是母親與嬰兒共同參與互動的第一件事，也是母親與嬰兒互相傳遞訊息、反應、適應彼此的一種活動過程。本研究主要的目的在於：(1)探討Dr. Barnard's之餵食量表在國內應用於評量照顧者與嬰兒在餵食過程中的互動行為之適當性，(2)了解照顧者（主要是母親）與嬰兒在餵食過程中的互動情形(3)探討照顧者教育程度、職業狀況等因素對餵食互動行為之影響。(4)了解餵食行為與嬰兒發展之關孫。本研究中應用Dr. Barnard餵食量表(Feeding scale)及貝萊嬰幼兒發展量表(Bayley Test)為研究工具。本研究以某醫學中心第一胎的產婦及使康正常之新生兒為對象；37名職業婦女組和36名家庭主婦組，於產後第三－五天，第一個月、第三個月作訪視及評估。研究結果發現職業婦女在對第二、三天嬰兒的“訊息敏感度”及“困擾的解決方面”之表現較家庭主婦組產婦為佳，但在嬰兒第一個月、第三個月卻有退步之現象，而家庭主婦組的嬰兒在餵食中所表現的行為有越來越好的情形。且家庭主婦組的嬰兒在貝萊嬰兒量表測驗中「動作」、「行為」表現較職業組好。

關鍵字

餵食行為 ； 嬰兒發展

並列摘要

Feeding, that places food into an infant's mouth by a mother, is not only to supply nutrition for maintaining the life and promoting the growth of the infant, but also a very complex and profound interactive process between them. Feeding is the first task that needs the participation from both of mother and her infant to accomplish, requiring an informative communication, and mutual interaction and adaptation between each other.
The primary purposes of this study were to (1) determine whether the ”Barnard's Feeding Scale” is appropriate to assess the interactional behaviors during feeding for domestic mothers and their infants or not, (2) understand the interactional behaviors between the mothers and their infants during feeding, (3) investigate the influences of educational background and working status of mothers on the interactional behaviors during feeding, and (4) explore the relation between the feeding behaviors and the infant development.
Dr. Barnard's ”Feeding Scale” and Bayley's Test were adopted in this study. Subjects were recruited from a general hospital who had just delivered their first and healthy infants. Two groups of mothers were formed according to their working and non-working status. Three assessments were made for each infant at: three days, one month, and three months after the infant was born.
The results indicated that the working mothers had better performances in the items of ”sensitivity to cues” and ”alleviation of distress” at the first assessment than the nonworking mother did, but these performances regressed at the second and third assessments. Contrastly, the infants of the non-working mothers improved their behaviors during feeding better and even better at these three assessments, and performed better in the items of ”motor” and ”behavior” than the infants of the working mothers did.

並列關鍵字

Feeding Behavior ； infant Development