台北市有偶婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查影響因素之探討

The Utilization of Pap Smear of Married Women in Taipei

簡大任(Ta-Jen Chien) ； 季瑋珠(Wei-Chu Chi)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 14卷2期 (1995/04) Pp. 111-128

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1995-14-02-01

摘要

本研究目的在針對台灣地區婦女接受抹片檢查比率偏低之現象，探討影響婦女接受抹片檢查之相關因素，所採用的理論模式架構為「PRECEDE衛生教育診斷架構」。本研究以台北市為研完社區，以「按人口比率機率抽樣法」抽出原始樣本有偶婦女600人，以家庭訪視方法完成問卷調查435人（完成率72.5%），經統計分析後發現：台北市有偶婦女曾接受抹片檢查者有57.9%，其中定期接受抹片檢查者僅23.2%，從不接受抹片檢查之婦女高達42.1%；曾接受抹片檢查婦女的相關特性為：子宮頸癌基本常識認知較高、知識來源多、有固定婦產科醫院診所、有較多親友勸說或有親友較常勸說者。定期接受抹片檢查婦女的相關特性為：知識來源多、有因定之婦產科醫院診所、認為可方便找到抹片檢查場所、及有較多親友曾接受抹片檢查或親友較常接受抹片檢查者。而對抹片檢查態度消極者則對抹片檢查不論定期與否均較不可能接受。
根據以上結果，要使婦女接受抹片檢查，提早發現子宮頸癌，減少死亡率。政府應加強並擴大婦女之預防保健知識來源，提倡國定之醫病關係，提高抹片檢查之方便性，並鼓勵曾受檢者說服親友接受抹片檢查，以早期發現早期治療，減少醫療成本支出，同時確保婦女健康。而鑒於影響婦女是否曾或定期接受抹片檢查之因素往往不同，所以政府在制訂婦女醫療保健服務利用計畫時，應針對不同之目的，於計畫中考量不同影響因素，如此推動婦女醫療保健服務利用工作才能收事半功倍之效。

關鍵字

抹片檢查 ； 子宮頸癌

並列摘要

The rate of women's taking Pap smear in Taiwan, compared with that in the developed countries, is much lower. Based on Green's PRECEDE Model, this study tried to find out the possible propagation difficulties and help our government advocate Pap smears.
According to sampling with probability proportional to size, Six hundred married women in Taipei were chosen. Totally 435 women were successfully interviewed. These interviewees aged from 30 to 70, The completion rate was 72.5 percent.
There were 23.2 percent of the subjects taking Pap smears annually. It was concluded that the enabling factors included, well informed, being influenced by the relatives taking Pap smear, and having obstetrical checkups easily and regularly.
In order to increase the rate of women's taking Pap smear, spreading the health knowledge and estbalishing the doctor-patient ties should be encouraged. It was also suggested that the costs of Pap smears should be either covered by the health insurance or subsidized by the national exchequer. Based on these suggestion, cervical cancer will be detected earlier and women's health can be protected.

並列關鍵字

Pap smear ； cervical cancer