一般經期舆更年期自述症状的研究

Menopausal Symptoms Reported by Women in Taipei

張珏(Chueh Chang) ； 周松男(Sonz-Nan Chow) ； 陳芬苓(Fen-Ling Chen) ； 張菊惠(Chu-Hui Chang)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 14卷2期 (1995/04) Pp. 191-200

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1995-14-02-08

摘要

更年期的相關課题在二十世纪初才引起各界學者注意，而我国尚属起步階段，目前停經症状研究仍以臨床對象為主，因此需要有更多这方面研究，才能提供本土化婦女真實停經的情形。本研究的目的主要是：(1)探索台北都會區婦女在醫院與社區不同樣本來源，其症狀上的反應如何。(2)瞭解不同停經階段的中年婦女在自述症状上的差異。研究對象為大台北地区40~60歲的中老年婦女，樣本来源有一般樣本、醫院樣本、婦女及職業團體樣本，最後得到668人為分析對象。
結果發現停經前期：醫院樣本臉發熱發紅、陰道乾燥、出冷汗、乳房脹痛、太緊張受不了、感覺憂鬱且沮喪、號哭、眼前一下看不見較多。停經中期：醫院樣本臉發熱發紅、出冷汗、子宮不正常出血、失眠較多，而婦女及職業團體不能專心情形較多。停經後期：醫院樣本的便秘與出冷汗最多，婦女及職業團體頭痛較少。婦女在不同經期症狀的異同裡：一般樣本的出冷汗是中期較高，臉發熱發紅是中、後期高於前期，骨頭痠痛、手腳或皮膚發麻、健忘、失眼、心悸是後期高於中期高於前期。醫院樣本前期無人便秘，只有中期有子宮不正常出血。婦女及職業團體中期最多臉發熱發紅、易激動與不能專心，後期最多陰道乾燥，失眠是停經前期較少。
我們需要釐清生理上的不適是症狀、症候群或是病，也需要多研究一般社區婦女更年期的生理、心理變化，取代過去醫院樣本過高的症狀與疾病比率，以定義一般婦女的更年期。提供協助給中年婦女，改變她們以負面態度看待自然生理變化的停經期的觀念，期能了解更年期的迷思。

關鍵字

更年期症狀 ； 中國婦女

並列摘要

Menopause has received very little attention in the past, especially in the area of valid research studies. Issues related to menopause have been studied in Western society for 30-40 years. In Taiwan, however, studies have just begun. The menopausal symptoms of the previous month, reported by 668 women from communities, hospital, and vocatioal/voluntary organizations in the Taipei metropolitan area were analyzed with respect to different menopansal stages, i.e. pre-, peri- and post-menopausal stages, among the three different sample groups in different menopausal stages, respectively.
Results showed that the most significant symptoms in the community sample included night sweat during the peri-menopausal stage, hot flashes during the peri/post-menopausal stage, and boneache, numbness of extremities, amentia, insomnia and palpitation during the post menopausal stage. In general, hospital patients reported a higher frequency of symptoms, regardless of menopausal stage than did the other two sample groups. For example, hot flashes, night sweats, abnormal uterine bleeding and insomnia were high in the peri-menopausal stage of the hospital sample. In addition to hot flashes and night sweats, sudden blackout, vaginal dryness, nervourness, depression, and excessing crying were also high in the pre-menopausal stage of the hospital sample.
How to distinguish the physiological discomfort from the so-called symptoms or syndrome or illness in medical terms has been discussed. We need to initiate intensive of studies the common physiological and psychological changes in women of the community sample instead of the hospital sample which will elucidate the symptoms or illness of the women during menopausae. We need to characterize the common theme of menopause in order to dispel the myths surrounding menopause, and shed new light on a subject that is important to women from all walks of life.

並列關鍵字

menopausal symptoms ； Chinese women