金門縣婦女子宮頸防癌抹片檢查的影響因素

Factors Related to Acceptance of Pap Test by Women in Kinmen

李翠鳳(Tsuey-Feng Lee) ； 郭旭崧(Hsu-Sung Kuo) ； 陳錫中(Hsi-Chung Chen) ； 陳天順(Tien-Shen Chen) ； 周碧瑟(Pesus Chou)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 16卷3期 (1997/06) Pp. 198-210

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1997-16-03-02

摘要

本研究根據1990年於金門縣針對30-64歲已婚婦女所作之調查加以分析研究，藉以了解影響金門地區已婚婦女抹片篩檢行為的因素。本研究根據金門1989年戶政資料，在全縣8541名30-64歲已婚婦女中，採系統抽樣法按1比7比例抽出1203名進行家訪問卷調查，實際完成990份，回收率達82.3%。本研究結果發現有81.7%婦女曾聽過子宮頸防癌抹片檢查，有62.1%曾作過抹片檢查，其中有定期受檢者49.0%；沒參加過抹片檢查的主要原因為：沒聽過抹片檢查，覺得抹片很可怕及不知道抹片時間地點。在聽過抹片檢查的764位婦女中，其社會人口學特徵中，居住地區、年齡、教育程度、先生職業等因素會影響婦女抹片行為。健康信念中，對子宮頸癌知識與態度越正確，篩檢行為越積極。婦科求診經驗中，曾去過婦產科及對醫護人員滿意度較高的婦女行為較積極。曾有人告知抹片過程及方法的婦女受檢率較高；消息來源以電視、報紙及親友告知為主，而消息來源為醫護人員者受檢率最高，同時社會支持越多，受檢率越高。抹片服務特性中，婦女是否知道抹片時間地點會影響抹片行為。影響婦女抹片行為的重要因素：子宮頸癌知識，與醫護人員熟悉程度，有無婦科症狀，是否有人告知抹片過程及方法，抹片時間地點及教育程度。

關鍵字

子宮頸防癌抹片檢查 ； 知識 ； 態度與行為研究

並列摘要

In this study, data on married women living in Kinmen aged 30 to 64 were collected in order to assess factors related to the use of the Papanicolaou test (Pap test) in the Kinmen area. According to 1989 government records, there were 8541 married women aged 30 to 64 in Kinmen. Systematic sampling (1:7) was used to create a group of 1203 women to be interviewed in their homes. 990 completed the interview (response rate 82.3%). 81.7% of the 990 respondents had heard of the Pap test, 62.1% had undergone a Pap test at least once, and 49.0% had it as part of the regular physical examination.
The primary reasons for not having a Pap test were fear of the test and not knowing where to go to have the test performed. Place of residence, age, education, and spouse's occupation were all sociodemographic factors in Pap test use. Health beliefs and education were factors: the more correct a woman's understanding of the Pap test the more likely she was to have the test, and those who had consulted a gynecologist, had knowledge regarding cervical cancer, or had symptoms of gynecological conditions were more likely to have had the test. Those with a better social support structure were also more likely to have had the test. The main sources of information about the Pap test were television, newspapers, and relatives, though those who were informed by medical staff about the Pap test were most likely to have had the test. The level of familiarity with the medical staff was also a significant factor.
In conclusion, in addition to medical knowledge, attitudes, and experiences, the principle factors for women in kinmen having the Pap test are knowledge of where and when the tests are done and sociodemographic factors, particularly education level.

並列關鍵字

Pap test ； KAP knowledge, attitude and practice study