台南市不同生理年齡層安療養機構住民之生理照護需求與功能狀態探討

Physiological Care Needs and Functional Status of Residents of Different Ages in long-term Care Facilities in Tainan

葉莉莉(Lily Yeh) ； 溫敏杰(Miin-Jye Wen) ； 杜淑玲(Shu-Lin Tu) ； 林寁(Tsan Lin) ； 戴臆珊(Yi-Shan Dai)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 18卷5期 (1999/10) Pp. 319-326

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1999-18-05-05

摘要

目的：探討台南市安療養機構中，設籍台南市之四種不同年齡層住民（64歲以下，6574歲，75-84歲，85歲以上），其生理照護需求及功能狀態。方法：研究者設計問卷並使用巴氏量表，取得21家機構389位住民資料，以SAS及SPSS統計套裝軟體進行分析。結果：住民中以75-84歲最多，計437%；女性551%多於男性。各年齡層皆以家中無人手照顧為主要進住原因，除64歲以下者外，皆以進住未立案機構為主。生理照護需求顯示各年齡層皆有約二成的住民身上有留置導管，需求一種以上生理照護的住民，以75-84歲為最多，其次為65-74歲。功能狀態由巴氏量表分數呈現，以無母數統計之Kruskal-Wallis檢定法及Dunn之多重比較進行四組年齡層得分差異檢定，結果顯示75-84歲巴氏量表得分最低，其餘三組間無差異存在。日常生活活動項目中，各年齡層最需協助者為洗澡，最不需協助者為進食。住民中有69%屬低照護需求個案（無生理照護需求且功能狀態可獨立者）。結論：機構住民以75-84歲需求最多生理與功能照護，低照護需求個案進住機構適切性值得探討。

關鍵字

機構住民 ； 年齡層 ； 生理照護需求 ； 功能狀態

並列摘要

Objectives: To explore the physiological care needs and functional status of residents of different ages (ages under 64, 65-74, 75-84, and age over 85 years old) in long-term care facilities (LTCF) in Tainan. Methods: A data collection tool combined with Barthel's score was used. A sample of 389 residents was drawn from 21 LTCF. Data were analyzed by SAS & SPSS statistical software packages. Results: Data showed most of the residents (43.7%) were between 75 and 84 years old. The most common reason for living in an LTCF was no available caregiver in the home setting. Physiological care needs showed that about 20% of residents in each group had catheter. Residents in the 75-84 age group had the most physiological care needs. Regard of functional status, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn multiple comparisons showed that the Barthel's score was lowest in residents in the 74-85 age group and was significant different from the other three groups. In the item of activities of daily living, all residents needed the most help in bathing and the least help in eating. Results showed that 6.9% of residents had no functional deficits or care needs, and these low-care need cases seemed inappropriately placed in an LTCF. Conclusions: Residents in the 75-84 years old age group in an LTCF need more physical and functional care than residents in other age groups. Low-care need cases need to be studied further.

並列關鍵字

long-term care ； chronological age ； physiological care needs ； Functional status