防沖蝕網毯覆蓋率對邊波土壤流失量之影響

The Effects of the Cover Ratio of Erosion Control Geosynthetic Mesh on Soil Losses along Hillslopes

簡士濠(Shih-Hao Jien) ； 李明熹(Ming-Hsi Lee) ； 簡維信(Wei-Hsin Chien) ； 戴紫陽(Tzu-Yang Tai) ； 王重棋(Chung-Chi Wang) ； 陳俊廷(Chun-Ting Chen)

《中華水土保持學報》 44卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 158-164

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.201306_44(2).0006

摘要

本研究主要以同材質不同立體結構之防沖蝕網毯，鋪設於黏質邊坡土壤後，在不同坡度（36°、46°與61°）及不同降雨強度（100 mm hr^(-1)及150 mm hr^(-1)）下，於室內進行土壤沖蝕試驗，以評估網毯在不同覆蓋率下，邊坡土壤沖蝕潛勢及作物與管理因子（C值）的變化。研究結果顯示，黏質邊坡土壤鋪設高覆蓋率（99%）防沖蝕網毯後之土壤流失率未達1.0%（0.01－0.08%），而C值為0.007±0.008；鋪設覆蓋率83%與77%間之網毯的土壤流失率介於0.04%至100%，C値分別為0.219±0.381及0.288±0.177。本研究亦指出，網毯覆蓋率為影響邊坡土壤沖蝕量之主要因子，兩者達顯著負相關，線性關係為C value = -0.0098 Vegetation Cover (%) + 1.0084。

關鍵字

防沖蝕網毯 ； 覆蓋率 ； 黏質邊坡土壤 ； 土壤沖蝕 ； 作物與管理因子

並列摘要

This study aims to evaluate the effects of different cover ratios of erosion control geosynthetic mesh on the erosion potential along hillslopes. Simulated erosion tests were carried out under three slope gradients (36°, 46° and 61°) and two rainfall intensities (100 mm hr^(-1) and 150 mm hr^(-1)). The C factors were also estimated for each mesh after determination of actual soil losses. The results indicated that the mesh with 99% cover ratio had very low soil loss ratios (0.01-0.08%) and low C values (0.007±0.008). The meshes with cover ratios of 83% and 77% had higher soil loss ratios ranging from 0.04% to 100% than the one with higher cover, and the estimated C values for these two meshes were 0.219±0.381 and 0.288±0.177, respectively. A significantly negative linear relation (C value = -0.0098 Vegetation Cover (%) + 1.0084) was found between vegetation cover ratio and soil loss in this study, which further indicates that vegetation cover ratio is a critical factor determining soil loss along hillslopes.

並列關鍵字

Cover ratio ； erosion control geosynthetic mesh ； hillslope ； soil erosion