注意力不足過動障礎症兒童的追蹤研究文獻回顧

Long-Term Outcome Studies of Hyperactive Children: Literature Review

蔡景宏(hing-Houng Tsai) ； 高淑芬(Shur-Fen Gau)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 15卷6期 (1999/06) Pp. 307-314

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199906.0307

摘要

注意力不足過動障礙症(以下簡稱為過動症)是兒童精神科門診常見斷之一，雖然診斷上仍有些許爭議，兒童精神科醫師可經由會談觀察個案及收集家長和老師等提供的資料做出診斷。除了診斷治療是研究過動症的重要議題外，過動兒的長期追蹤研究已漸漸突顯其過要性。國外近二、三十年六對過動兒所做的長期追蹤研宗皆顯示過動兒之症狀並不隨著年齡的增長而流失，其殘餘的症狀可造成青少年及成人期整體適應功能障礙。單純過動症的症狀(注意力不足、活動量過高、衝動行為)只要能及早確定診斷，透過藥物及行為治療，加上醫療、家庭、學校和社會配合，大多有令人滿意的療效。若沒有早期診斷或介入治，而讓症狀持續。則長大之後顯示有效較高的機會合併有行為規範障礙症，反社會性行為、物質濫用、反社會性人格障礙症，甚至犯罪行為，這些行為問題將成為嚴重的社會議題。

並列摘要

The attention deficit hyperative disorder (hereinafter ADHD,children with this disease usually are named hyperactive children )is often one of the most frequent diagnosis of psychiatric outpatients for children. Though there are still some disputes in diagnosis,child psychiatrsts can diagnose individual cases through ineterview,observation and the information provided by their parents and teachers. Besides the diagnosis and treatment, the result of long-term follow-up studies of hyperactive children also gradually indicate the most extreme signification. According to the long-term outcome studies of hyperactive children conducted in foreign countries for the past 20 to 30 years, symptoms of hyperactive children will not disappear completely as they grew up; instead, the residual symptoms can caus adaptive impairment in their adolescent and adult period. The core symtoms of ADHD (inattention, hyperactivity,impulsive behavior) can be satisfactorily managed if ther can be satisfactorily managed if they can be diagnosed as earlier as possible, throught medicine and behavioral therapy, plus medical staff and cooperation from family, schook and society, If there is no early diagnosis or intervention, and let symptoms continuem, after growing up , associated conduct problem or disorder, antisocial behavior, substance abuse and antisocial personaliety disorder, even criminal behavior will have higher opportunity to develop into adolesence and adulthood. These behavioral problems will cause very serious social problems. We have became more clearly aware of the accurate recognition of hyperactive children and have emphasized its importance in recent years. Unfortunately, there are still no long-term folllow-up study reports regarding these discover the effective predictors and higher risk groups for early intervention and prevention. This paper aims at reviewing long-term outcome studies of hyperative children and trying to organize its adaptive problems and associated mental disorders after growing up. We also expect that the long-term follow-up studies on hyperactive children can be seen in the very near future at our country.

並列關鍵字

Hyperactive children ； long-term'follow-up