臺灣地區冬季綠肥作物對水稻田根部寄生性線蟲存活之影響

Effects of Winter Green Manures on the Survival of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Rice Fields in Taiwan

陳殿義(Diann-Yih Chen) ； 顏志恒(Jyh-Herng Yen) ； 蔡東纂(Tung-Tsuan Tsay)

《中華農業研究》 51卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 57-65

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200212.0006

摘要

於1995年1月至2月期間持續1-3次採樣調查彰化縣秀水、埔鹽、福興、竹塘、溪州及田巾；台中縣霧峰、草屯、龍井、清水；苗栗縣苑裡、通宵、後龍及苗栗市等地區之二期水稻田收成後，輪作油菜、埃及三葉草及苕子等綠肥作物對土壤中植物寄生性線蟲存活之影響。在所檢測之42處水稻田，共計有水稻穿根線蟲(Hirschmanniella spp.)、螺旋線蟲(Helicotyenchus spp.)、矮化線蟲(Tylenchorhynchus spp.)、根瘤線蟲(Meloidogyne spp.)及Tylenchus spp.等5屬線蟲，其出現頻率(appearance frequency)分別為100%、73.8%、76.2%、19%及92.9%。在同一水稻田區塊中，有覆蓋前述綠肥作物區域之水稻穿根線蟲的密度比未覆蓋區域皆有下降之趨勢，其中在部分線蟲密度較高田區之效果更加明顯，另外對螺旋線蟲、矮化線蟲及Tylenchus spp.也有部分相同情形，但其結果較不一致，至於對根瘤線蟲則不明顯。

關鍵字

綠肥作物 ； 植物寄生性線蟲 ； 水稻穿根線蟲 ； 存活

並列摘要

Survey of the effects of the green manure, including field mustard (Brassica campestris L.), Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia dasycarpa Tenore), on the survival of plant-parasitic nematodes of 42 rice field after the second crop season of 1995 were conducted 1-3 times in the central area of Taiwan. The preliminary results indicated that there were five genera of plant parasitic nematodes, including Hirschmanniella spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. Tylenchus spp. and Meloidogyne spp., were found in the rice field, the appearance frequency were 100%, 73.8%, 76.2%, 92.9% and 19%, respectively, and the three kinds of winter green manure all could significantly reduce the survival of Hirschmanniella spp., especially in some field with high density of the nematodes, but the effects on the Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. and Ty1enchu spp. were not consistent.

並列關鍵字

Green manure ； Plant-parasitic nematode ； Hirschmanniella spp. ； Survival