臺灣城鄉分類系統之研究－哪裡是農村？

Where is Rural? Exploring Rural-Urban Classification System in Taiwan

王俊豪(Jiun-Hao Wang)

《台灣農學會報》 15卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 18-38

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201403_15(1).0002

摘要

鄉村空間範圍的重新認定與劃定，自2000年已成為世界各國共同關注的焦點。本研究考量到我國既有的城鄉分類系統，在不同的年代、不同部門或研究機構，其使用目的、需求與慣例的差異，而缺乏城鄉劃分方式的共識。故本研究以桃園縣村做為研究個案，輔以年終戶籍統計村里別資料進行不同分類系統的效度鑑別，進行不同城鄉分類系統與農業比重、人口規模關聯性之分析。本研究使用主計處1993年臺灣地區村里進行的年終戶籍統計資料，目的在分別檢驗主計處的中華民國統計地區標準分類和村里九級都市化程度，及內政部的都市計畫區等三大城鄉分類系統之妥適性。研究結果發現主計處的九級都市化程度分類系統，其城鄉分類結果在農業比重與人口規模兩項效標的區隔效度較佳。故農政單位未來在推動農村再生計畫時，建議宜採用主計處的九級都市化程度村里編碼，作為農村社區篩選與施政輔導優先順序的客觀參考依據。

關鍵字

城鄉分類 ； 統計地區標準分類 ； 都市計畫區 ； 九級都市化程度

並列摘要

Re-identifying and re-defining the boundary of rural areas has become an important issue all over the world since 2000. However, the existing urban-rural classification systems vary from one another in policy purpose, need and application. The objective of this study is to evaluate the goodness of fit among different urban-rural typology systems. This study uses Village/Li level's household registration statistics data in 1993 in Taiwan. Taking Taoyuan County as a case study to compare three urban-rural classification systems in Taiwan, including the Standard Statistical Areas Classification by the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Urban Planned Districts by the Ministry of the Interior, and Nine-levels of Urbanization by the Council for Economic Planning and Development. According to the evidence of validity criterion (i.e., agricultural relevance and population size), these results suggest the Nine-levels of Urbanization System is superior to other systems. Therefore, this study recommends agricultural authorities select and prioritize targeted rural communities based on the DGBAS's nine urbanization levels of the rural-urban classification model, while implementing the Rural Regeneration Program.

並列關鍵字

rural-urban classification ； Standard Statistical Areas Classification ； Urban Planned Districts ； Nine-levels of Urbanization