Breakfast Eating Patterns and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007-2009

早餐飲食模式與代謝症候群：2007－2009韓國全國健康與營養評估調查（KNHANES）

Ki-Bong Yoo ； Hee-Jae Suh ； Min-Jee Lee ； Jae-Hyun Kim ； Jeoung-A Kwon ； Eun-Cheol Park

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 23卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 128-137

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.1.08

摘要

目的：本篇研究目的為探究吃早餐、早餐模式及代謝症候群間之相關性。方法：使用2007至2009年的第四次韓國全國健康與營養評估調查資料。共有16,734名受訪者納入。以因素分析去歸納早餐飲食模式。以多元羅吉斯回歸評估早餐攝取、早餐飲食模式及代謝症候群之相關性。結果：攝取早餐降低代謝症候群之風險（勝算比=0.82，95%信賴區間=0.69-0.98）。分析歸納出兩種早餐飲食模式：傳統韓式及乳製品－穀類模式。在有食用早餐者間，乳製品－穀類模式與降低代謝症候群風險有關。與沒有食用早餐者相比，攝取最高的傳統韓式與最高四分位的乳製品－穀類早餐與降低代謝症候群的風險有關。結論：早餐攝取與代謝症候群有關。但並非所有的早餐模式與降低代謝症候群罹患風險有關。值得關注的是，無論攝取乳製品－穀類早餐或是高熱量及纖維早餐與降低代謝症候群風險有關。

關鍵字

早餐 ； 飲食模式 ； 代謝症候群 ； 韓國 ； 乳製品－穀類

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the association between eating breakfast, breakfast patterns, and the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We used the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2009. A total of 16,734 subjects were included. Breakfast dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between breakfast consumption, breakfast dietary patterns, and the metabolic syndrome. Results: We found that breakfast consumption itself reduced the risk of the metabolic syndrome (odds ratio=0.82, 95% confidence interval=0.69-0.98). We identified two breakfast dietary patterns: the traditional Korean pattern and the dairy-cereal pattern. The dairy-cereal pattern was associated with a reduction in the risk of the metabolic syndrome among breakfast consumers. Compared to no breakfast consumption, the strongest traditional Korean pattern and the highest quartiles for the dairy-cereal pattern were associated with a reduced risk of the metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Breakfast consumption is associated with the metabolic syndrome. Not all breakfast consumption patterns are associated with a reduced risk of having the metabolic syndrome. In particular, eating either a dairy-cereal breakfast or high energy and fiber breakfast are associated with a reduced risk of the metabolic syndrome.

並列關鍵字

breakfast ； eating patterns ； the metabolic syndrome ； Korea ； dairy-cereal

參考文獻

Thompson-McCormick JJ, Thomas JJ, Bainivualiku A, Khan AN, Becker AE. Breakfast skipping as a risk correlate of overweight and obesity in school-going ethnic Fijian adolescent girls. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19:372-82.

Willett WC, McCullough ML. Dietary pattern analysis for the evaluation of dietary guidelines. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(Suppl 1):75-8.

Pan WH, Yeh WT, Weng LC. Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in Asia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(Suppl 1): 37-42.

Nestel P, Lyu R, Low LP, Sheu WH, Nitiyanant W, Saito I, Tan CE. Metabolic syndrome: recent prevalence in East and Southeast Asian populations. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16: 362-7.

Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120:1640-5. doi: 10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644