都市女性休閒類型和休閒阻礙

Urban Women Leisure Patterns and Constraints

李素馨(Su-Hsin Lee)

《戶外遊憩研究》 10卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 43-68

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.1997.10(1)3

摘要

隨著女性意識的提昇，都市女性生活型態已有很大的改變，但是在父權社會制度下，女性從事休閒活動的時間與機會仍受到個人、家庭、社會與實質環境的種種限制，本研究目的在探討女性休閒活動的偏好與休閒阻礙、社經因子的關係，樣本爲台中市1085位年滿二十歲以上之女性，透過因素分析將43項都市休間活動分爲十個活動偏好類型，分剔爲戶外運動、知識性、生活性、娛樂性、社交性、藝術性、休憩性、競賽性、親子性、室內運動性，再依活動類型之因素得點進行群集分析，將女性分爲五種休閒偏好類型，分剔爲自我學習型、一般休閒型、家庭型、社交型、和消費型。研究結果顯示女性休間偏好類型與女性之生命週期（年龄、最小孩子年齡、家庭組成形式）和女性社會成就（教育程度、職業、每日工作時間）相關，而阻礙因素則有環境、時間、家庭、經濟、交通、同伴等因素。其中，缺乏時間、缺乏休閒環境與缺乏同伴三項是都市婦女認爲最主要的休閒阻礙原因：而休閒偏好類型與婦女之家庭責任、休閒設施環境、及缺乏同伴亦有顯著之相關性。

關鍵字

休閒偏好 ； 休閒阻礙 ； 生命週期

並列摘要

The life of urban women has changed radically since an emergence of consciousness has taken place. Life course and perception of leisure constraints have been assumed to restrict in women's leisure experience. The data set included information on reported preferred leisure activities, constraints, and demographics status for a sample of 1085 respondents. Factor analysis was used to reduce 43 activities to 10 preferred activity dimensions: outdoor sports, learning, living, entertaining, social, artistic, recreational, child related, indoor sports, and competitive-related activities, According to the preferred activities, five groups of leisure preference type (LPT): self-learning, generalist, domesticity, sociality, and consumption types were classified by cluster analysis. The sample varied their topology to age, the youngest kid's age, household type, educational level, occupational status, and working-hours per day. This finding indicated that women's stage of life cycle and social context were related to their preference leisure types. The results showed that urban women perceived more constraints on lack of time, facility, and companion related problem. There were significantly differences in family obligation, facility related problem, and companion related problem across LPT types.

並列關鍵字

Leisure preference ； Leisure constraint ； Life course