運用迴歸作用機制圖重探老人勝任感、自我決定感與休閒滿意關係之研究

需求理論指出，勝任感與自我決定感二者是影響休閒滿意的主要因子。然而，近來相關研究暗示，老人休閒滿意可能係受到勝任感與自我決定感交互作用的影響，非個別影響。因此，爲商確此殊異點，本研究重新探討老人勝任感、自我決定感與休閒滿意之間的關係。本研究以立意取樣選擇385位老人作爲研究對象（189位女性；196位男性，全體平均年齡73歲）；採取結構式問卷調查收集研究資料，亦即直接請老人回答勝任感量表、自我決定感量表與休閒滿意量表上的問項；使用逐步迴歸分析探討老人勝任感、自我決定感、交互作用與休閒滿意之關係。逐步迴歸分析結果指出，在迴歸模式中，只有交互作用顯著地影響休閒滿意。此外，在迴歸作用機制圖中，亦顯示勝任感與自我決定感具交互作用。本研究結果與需求理論相左，與近來研究結果相近，亦即惟有勝任感與自我決定感產生交互作用才會引發休閒滿意。對此殊異點意涵，本研究詳盡說明。

關鍵字

需求理論；勝任感；自我決定感；休閒滿意；老人

並列摘要

Need theory emphasized that perceived competence and self-determination respectively significantly contributed to leisure satisfaction. However, recent studies have indicated that there is the interactive, instead of independent, effect of perceived competence and self-determination on leisure satisfaction of older adults. Therefore, we re-explored the relationships among these variables. One hundred and eighty-nine women and 196 men (73 years of age on average) volunteered for this study. Data were collected by a Competence Scale, a Self-determination Scale, and a Leisure Satisfaction Scale, and they were analyzed using stepwise regression analysis. The result of the regression analysis pointed out that only the interaction of perceived competence and self-determination was significantly related to leisure satisfaction in the regression model. The result of slope analysis of response functions also showed that there was the reinforcement interactive effect of the two independent variables on the dependent variable. In other words, the interaction is a vital factor contributing to leisure satisfaction of older adults. The implication of the study is further discussed.