數位相機檢定之自動化

Automation of Digital Camera Calibration

劉虹妤(Hong-Yu Liu) ； 曾義星(Yi-Hsing Tseng) ； 王聖鐸(Sen-Do Wang)

《航測及遙測學刊》 6卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. 23-35

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2001.6(3).2

摘要

應用於近景攝影測量之相機依其量測之穩定性，可分為量測性及非量測性相機。由於數位相機的發展逐漸取代底片式相機，配合電腦視覺使近景攝影測量朝向自動化發展。目前市面上之數位相機屬於非量測性相機，此種相機要應用在近景攝影測量上必須進行相機率定的工作，其率定方式以自率光束法較為合適。此率定方法利用三維空間均句分佈的未知座標標點，以多張相片的方式進行率定同時解算內外方位。其主要缺點是影像坐標之量測工作繁重，為解決這項問題，本文設計一種可供自動辨識及定位的人工標點及自動量測之程序，以達到相機率定之自動化，即整合自動辨識及量測功能於相機率定系統中。實驗結果顯示標點辨識及定位之成功率達70%以上，加上少量人力輔助的修正可輕易達90%以上的成功率， 將此辨識量測成果應用於數位向機率定及定位，其定位結果之標準偏差可輕易達到公分以下之精度。

關鍵字

近景攝影測量 ； 相機率定 ； 數位相機 ； 自動化

並列摘要

Digital cameras are getting widely used due to their operation conveniences and real-time processing capabilities. Although digital cameras have been considered suitable to photogrammetric tasks, their metric characteristics are not clear and stable as traditional metric cameras. A real-time on-the-job calibration is, therefore, required before a digital camera can be applied for a photogrammetric task. The technique of self-calibration is considered an effective means for digital camera calibration, but a large amount of image measurements are required. To solve this problem, we designed a new text-coded target and proposed an automatic process to detect, position, and identify the targets. Automatic camera calibration can be achieved by integrating this automatic measuring process and bundle adjustment computation. The experimental results are encouraging and optimally show the feasibility of the proposed method.

並列關鍵字

Close-range photogrammetry ； Camera calibration ； Digital camera ； Automation