台灣地區兒童特殊靜態活動、高熱量飲食攝取及身體質量指數之分析：2001年NHIS之結果

The Analysis of Special Physical Inactivity, Higher Energy Intakes and Body Mass Index of Children in Taiwan: Results of 2001 National Health Interview Survey

樂冠華(Kuan-Hua Lo) ； 潘怜燕(Ling-Yen PAn) ； 林明珠(Ming-Chu Lin) ； 張新儀(Hsing-Yi Chang) ； 石曜堂(Yaw-Tang Shih)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 22卷6期 (2003/12) Pp. 474-482

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2003-22-06-06

摘要

目標：以2001年國健調查結果來瞭解台灣地區學齡兒童看電視、打電腦、看書及速食、點心、含糖飲料攝取現況，以及是否和過重有關。方法：資料來源為2001年國民健康訪問調查中12歲以下個人問卷，並與其家戶中12歲以上個人問卷及家戶問卷串連。問卷中之人口變項、每星期看電視、打電腦及看書的時間、每星期攝取速食類、點心類及飲料類的次數及BMI是本研究的分析重點。結果：平日約20-30%的孩童每天看電視大於2小時，但到了假日，看電視時間大於2小時的孩童增加至60-70%。平日看電視時間皆隨家戶收入不同有顯著不同，年齡群和平日/假日打電腦時間也有顯著相關。在速食類、點心類及飲料類的攝取上，約30%的孩童每星期攝取速食類超過1次，約50%的孩童每星期攝取點心類超過2次，約70%的孩童每星期攝取飲料類也超過一次。孩童過重情形也考量家中12歲以上的成員中是否大多數過重（超過50%）。結果發現在控制年齡後，家中成員過半數過重者，其過重的機率比家中成員過重比率低於50%者高，男生高出61%，女生更嚴重（OR：2.12, CI：1.49-3.03）。結論：家族成員多半過重對孩童體重的影響比其他因素重要，可能是遺傳因素，也可能是家庭生活型態的影響，所以體重控制必須從家庭做起。

關鍵字

靜態活動 ； 高熱量飲食攝取 ； 身體質量指數 ； 國民健康訪問調查

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to understand the current status of TV watching, computer playing, reading, intakes of fast food, snacks, and sweetened drinks, and the factors associated with overweight children aged between 7 and 12 in Taiwan. Methods: This study utilized the data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in Taiwan collected in year 2001. Items in questionnaires for children under 12 years old were used. They were also linked to questionnaires for people older than 12 years in the same household. Items used in this study were demographic characteristics, time spent watching TV, playing computer games and reading books, and the frequencies of having fast food, snacks, and sweetened drinks during the week. The percentage increased to 60-70% in weekends. Time spent watching TV differed in families with different income levels. Mainly, children in families with lower income levels tended to spend more time watching TV than those with higher incomes. Time spent playing computer games increased as age increased. With respect to the intakes of fast food, about 30% of children ate fast food more than one in a week. About 70% of children drank sweetened drinks more than once a week. When combining time spent watching TV and playing computer games, intakes of fast food and sweetened drinks, and the percentage of family members overweight in a logistic model, we found over 50% of family members on the overweight children could be due to genetic effects. However, we could not ignore the effect of life styles in the same family. Intervention program for overweight children should target the family life styles.

並列關鍵字

physical inactivity ； higher energy intakes ； body mass index ； National Helth Interview Survey in Taiwan ； NHIS

參考文獻

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