In this paper, we introduce the EFNS and AAN guidelines on the treatment and care for patients with motor neuron disease (MND) / amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including diagnosing and breaking the news, multidisciplinary care, symptomatic treatment, nutritional and respiratory management, cognitive function, communication, end-of-life care, caregiver burden, genetic testing and counselling. Furthermore, some ethical issues arising from the care for patients with MND / ALS are examined, including patient autonomy and the right to refuse treatment, patient’s quality of life, advance care planning and advance directive, and the burden on family caregivers. It is hoped that our introduction and deliberation could be of help to the improvement of the care and support for the patients with MND / ALS, as well as the rights of both the patients and the caregivers alike.
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