台灣中南部地區生乳中潛在細菌種類與藥物感受性之調查

Investigation the Species of Bacteria within Raw Milk and Their Susceptibility for Therapeutic Antimicrobials in Middle and Southern Taiwan

杜先覺(Shian-Jyue Du) ； 郭鴻志(Hung-Chih Kuo) ； 莊士德(Shih-Te Chuang) ； 周濟眾(Chi-Chung Chou) ； 費昌勇(Andrew C. Y. Fei) ； 張紹光(Shao-Kuang Chang)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 36卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 296-304

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.201012.0296

摘要

感染菌對治療藥品的感受性，為影響療效的首要因素之一。本調查在了解台灣中南部地區乳牛乳汁中潛在細菌種類對常用治療藥物的感受性。由試驗結果得知，於無臨床症狀乳牛之生乳中，細菌分離率為39.6% (482/1216)；革蘭氏陰性分離菌中，以大腸桿菌與克雷伯氏菌為多；革蘭氏陽性分離菌中，以葡萄球菌屬為最多、而腸球菌屬與鏈球菌屬次之。藥物感受性試驗的結果指出，除了畜福、紅黴素與羥四環黴素外，葡萄球菌屬與鏈球菌屬對於常用抗菌劑的抗藥性比率均遠較腸球菌屬為高，葡萄球菌屬與鏈球菌屬對於恩氟奎林羧酸仍具有較佳的感受性。對大腸桿菌與其他陰性菌而言，具有相似且一致性的敏感性結果，即對恩氟奎林羧酸與健牠黴素具最佳的感受性。由於乳汁中可存在的細菌種類繁多，對常用治療藥物的敏感性各異，故適當且定期監測，確有其必要性。

關鍵字

大腸桿菌 ； 葡萄球菌 ； 鏈球菌 ； 抗藥性 ； 生乳

並列摘要

The susceptibility of antimicrobial agents for infected bacteria is one of the most important factors of a successful therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the species of bacteria within raw milk and their possible sensitivity for routinely used antimicrobial agents. Our results indicated that the isolation rate for various bacteria from the raw milk was 47.4% (482/1016) The E. coli and Klebsiella oxytoca represented the most commonly isolated Gram (-) bacteria, the Staphylococcus spp. was the most common isolate Gram (+) bacteria, and followed by Streptococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp.. The results of susceptibility tests indicated that Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. had higher levels of resistance than Enterococcus spp., with the exception of ceftiofur, erythromycin and oxytetracycline. The enrofloxacin still kept the highest sensitivities for most Gram (+) isolates. For E. coli and other Gram (-) bacteria, the enrofloxacin and gentamicin had the highest sensitivity than other antimicrobials. Because of various bacteria within the raw milk and diversity for the results of antimicrobials sensitivity test, establishment appropriable and periodic monitoring programs become necessary.

並列關鍵字

drug resistance ； E. coli ； raw milk ； Staphylococcus ； Streptococcus