Exercise and Salivary IgA Response

運動與唾液免疫球蛋白A之反應

李再立(Tzai-Li Li)

《運動生理暨體能學報》 6輯 (2007/08) Pp. 35-49

https://doi.org/10.6127/JEPF.2007.06.04

摘要

唾液免疫球蛋白A (salivary immunoglobulin A; sIgA)已被採用為評估壓力對體液性免疫功能影響之指標。本篇綜評旨在討論下列課題：(1)sIgA分泌之調節機制(2)sIgA和運動引發之上呼吸道感染(upper respiratory tract infection; URTI) (3)sIgA反應和運動之關係(4)營養補充和運動引發之sIgA反應(5)單日重複性運動和sIgA反應。統整分析相關文獻後，獲致下列結語：(1)sIgA分泌和功能同時受到交感神經系統(sympathetic nervous system; SNS)和丘腦下部－腦垂體－腎上腺軸(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis; HPA-axis)之調節；(2)因運動激活之SNS和HPA可能急性地減少唾液流量，並抑制sIgA之分泌；(3)較低之sIgA濃度可能削弱免疫功能，運動訓練或比賽所引發之壓力，可能暫時性地抑制呼吸道之免疫功能，致使優秀運動員在訓練或比賽後二週內有較高之URTI罹患率；(4)碳水化合物和維他命C攝取不影響耐力性運動後之sIgA反應；(5)不同時段運動不影響sIgA反應；(6)相較於第一次運動，單日重複第二次耐力性運動不會進一步減弱口腔免疫功能，在單日重複性運動之任何時段補充碳水化合物不會影響sIgA之反應。

關鍵字

唾液免疫球蛋白A ； 運動 ； 交感神經系統 ； 丘腦下部－腦垂體－腎上腺軸

並列摘要

Salivary IgA (sIgA) has been used to be a key indicator in determining the effect of different forms of stress on mucosal immunity. This review was focused to discuss the following topics: (1) the modulation of sIgA secretion; (2) sIgA and exercise-induced upper respiratory tract infection (URTI); (3) sIgA response and exercise; (4) nutritional supplementation and exercise-induced sIgA responses; (5) repeated bouts of exercise and sIgA responses. Summaries were concluded in this review according to the current knowledge of the sIgA responses to exercise: (1) sIgA secretion and functions are regulated both by the stimulation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-(HPA)-axis; (2) activated SNS and/or HPA induced by exercise might decrease saliva flow rate immediately and inhibit sIgA secretion and antigen-specific IgA production chronically; (3) the lower levels of sIgA may compromise immunity in mucosal surfaces and stresses induced by training and/or competition would temporarily impair oral immunity, placing elite athletes at a higher risk of URTI within 2 weeks after exercise; (4) the ingestion of carbohydrate and vitamin C appeared not to affect sIgA response following prolonged exercise; (5) the different times of day did not influence sIgA response to exercise; (6) the second exercise bout did not appear to further compromise the oral immunity compared with the first identical exercise bout and carbohydrate ingestion during any period of two repeated prolonged exercise bouts did not to induce different effects on oral immunity compared with placebo trials.

並列關鍵字

salivary IgA ； exercise ； SNS ； HPA

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