土石流預警下疏散撤離成效之調查研究－以屏東縣來義部落為例

受地理區位因素的影響，臺灣地區飽受地震和颱風的威脅，導致土石流運動頻繁，土石流災害帶給國人及社會極大的衝擊。為降低土石流災害造成的損亡，於土石流災害發生前進行疏散撤離，對災害潛勢區內居民得以遠離災害與否，至為關鍵。本文以屏東縣來義村為空間單元，探討大規模災害下偏遠地區的受害型態與過程，以及居民因災害經驗累積的災害識覺和調適行為。面對未來極端氣候狀態下可能引發的大規模災害型態，瞬間湧入的壓力下的災害決策行為反應，特別是在有土石流災害潛勢威脅下的偏遠山區聚落，疏散撤離決策攸關災民生死。在全球氣候變遷下的極端氣候環境，台灣地區將無法免除於大規模或複合型的災害境況，如何在有限的資源與資訊下，就不同避難弱勢地區的居民，提出在地化的應災對策，強化其自主避災能力，減少不必要的傷亡意外發生，為本研究的主要目的。

關鍵字

土石流；疏散撤離；決策

並列摘要

There are many typhoons across Taiwan in last each years. The typhoon always brings heavy rainfall, and make terrible debris disaster in Remote Mountain Areas. Debris flows cause a lot of injuries, deaths and property losing in recent years in Taiwan. The study is focus on evacuation decision-making behavior during Catastrophic Disasters. Research result can be contributed to evacuation planning and policy implementation. The research will address the social and behavioral aspects of sudden onset collective stress situations typically referred to as mass emergencies or disasters. It will focus on the damage types in remote area under large scale disaster scenarios and the refuge behavior of local residents having the same experience. The purpose of this research is to propose some useful emergency measures for the residents living in disadvantaged areas to avoid the unnecessary damages incurs.