Using PISA and TIMSS Mathematics Assessments to Identify the Relative Strengths of Students in Western and Asian Countries

透過PISA與TIMSS評比研究檢視西方與亞洲學生數學的相對強項

張立民(Margaret Wu)

《教育科學研究期刊》 56卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 67-89

摘要

Wu（2009）的研究曾將2003年「國際學生能力評量計畫」（Programme for International Student Assessment, PISA）的數學表現，與「國際數學與科學教育成就趨勢調查」（Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, TIMSS）八年級學生的數學表現做一比較，結果發現，西方國家在PISA的表現大致上比在TIMSS的表現為佳。本研究則將TIMSS公開的題目分為兩組，一組與PISA的架構相符，另一組則不相符。其中，TIMSS評比有很多幾何與代數的題目是屬於「純粹的數學」題（即未以真實生活情境作為背景的數學題），而這些題目並未出現在PISA評比之中。本研究檢視六個國家在這兩組題目表現上的差異，藉此反映出西方與亞洲國家的相對強項與弱點，接著再將這些強項與弱點連結到PISA與TIMSS評比的內容上。有證據顯示，西方與亞洲國家在PISA與TIMSS的差異表現可歸因於兩評比題目種類的不同。

關鍵字

國際研究 ； 數學 ； 國際學生能力評量計畫 ； 國際數學與科學教育成就趨勢調查

並列摘要

A study was carried out that compared Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2003 Mathematics results with Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003 Grade 8 Mathematics results (Wu, 2009). It was found that Western countries generally performed better in PISA than in TIMSS, and Eastern European and Asian countries generally performed better in TIMSS than in PISA. In this paper, TIMSS released items are divided into two sets: one that fits the PISA framework and one that does not. In particular, many geometry and algebra items in TIMSS are ”inner mathematics” (mathematics without a real-life context), and such items do not appear in the PISA test. Differential performances of six countries on each set of items are examined. In this way, the relative strengths and weaknesses of Western and Asian countries are identified. These strengths and weaknesses are then linked back to the contents of the PISA and TIMSS tests. There is strong evidence that differential performance between Western and Asian countries in PISA and TIMSS can be directly attributed to the types of items in the respective tests.

並列關鍵字

international study ； Mathematics ； PISA ； TIMSS

參考文獻

National Center for Education Statistics. (2008). Comparing NAEP, TIMSS, and PISA in mathematics and science. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://nces.ed.gov/timss/pdf/naep_timss_pisa_comp.pdf

American Institutes for Research(2005).Reassessing U.S. international mathematics performance: New findings form the 2003 TIMSS and PISA.,::American Institutes for Research.

Gronmo, L.,Olsen, R.(2008).TIMSS versus PISA: The case of pure and applied mathematics.,未出版.

International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement(2003).TIMSS assessment frameworks and specifications, 2003.,::TIMSS International Study Centre.

Loveless, T.(ed.)(2007).Lessons learned - What international assessments tell us about math achievement.Washington, DC:The Brooklings Institution.