情境模擬訓練對護理人員同理心之成效

Effect of Scenario-Based Simulation Training on Nurse Empathy

童麗錡(Li-Chi Tung) ； 張麗君(Li-Chun Chang)

《台灣擬真醫學教育期刊》 4卷1期 (2017/06) Pp. 12-23

https://doi.org/10.6582/JTSSH.2017.4(1).02

摘要

背景與目的：護理人員對病人所展現出的同理心是照護工作中重要的一環，對良好的護病關係及照護品質有關鍵性的影響。過去研究指出同理心可經由訓練及學習的過程發展出來，應用情境模擬教學法在護理教育中已累積許多成功的經驗，因此本研究目的為探討運用情境模擬法之訓練課程對護理人員同理心之成效。研究方法：本研究於北部某醫學中心進行，採橫斷性調查，以該院「兩年期護理師/護士訓練計畫」之到職兩年內的學員為收案對象，納入2014 年4 月至2016 年12 月期間參與情境模擬同理心訓練課程之學員，收案人數共185 人。參與學員分別於課程開始前、後以傑佛遜醫護人員版同理心量表評量其同理心分數。本研究以配對樣本t 檢定分析同理心分數之前後測差異，以共變數分析探討組別間前後測差異情形。研究結果：研究樣本之工作單位科別以外科佔最多（31.9%），其次為內科（26.9%）；教育程度在大學或研究所以上者有72.0%；年資1-2 年者佔65.4%。整體而言同理心之前、後測分數分別為100.26±12.95 與106.67±15.21 分，達顯著差異（p ＜ .001）。分層分析結果顯示產兒科及外科之同理心總分增加達統計上之顯著意義，而不同基本屬性組別間沒有顯著差異。結論：本研究結果指出情境模擬訓練是可以提升護理人員之同理心的有效訓練方式，訓練成效在各科別間亦有所不同。建議未來應依據護理人員的不同基本屬性，設計適合各屬性所需要的同理心訓練課程內容。

關鍵字

同理心 ； 情境模擬訓練 ； 兩年期護理師/護士訓練計畫

並列摘要

Objective: Empathy for patients in nurses is essential in clinical caring with critical influence on the nurse-patient relationship and quality of care. Previous studies have shown empathic attitudes and behaviors could be developed by training. Numerous successful experiences have been accumulated in applying scenario-based simulation in nursing education. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a scenario-based simulation training program on nurses' empathy. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical center in northern Taiwan with a scenario-based simulation training course for empathy held during the period from April 2014 to December 2016. A total of 185 trainees of the 2-year Nurse Post Graduate Year (NPGY) program attended this course and were included into analysis. The empathy scores measured by using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy were assessed before and after the course. We performed paired t-tests to examine the pre-post difference of empathy scores and ANCOVA analysis to test the differences between groups. Results: Nurses working in the surgical ward accounted for the largest part of the participants (31.9%) followed by the medical ward (26.9%). Of the study subjects, 72.0% had educational attainment of a bachelor's degree or higher and 65.4% had a seniority of 1-2 years. The pre-post difference of the overall empathy score achieved a statistical significance (100.26 vs. 106.67, p ＜ .001). Stratified analysis showed significant improvements of the total score were found only in participants from the obstetrics/ gynecology, pediatrics, and surgical wards. Conclusions: Our findings indicated scenario-based simulation training could be an effective way to improve nurses' empathy, and different effects were found in samples from different wards. Tailored training programs for empathy designed according to the work characteristics of nurses are suggested.

並列關鍵字

Empathy ； Scenario-based simulation training ； Two-year Nurse Post Graduate Year (NPGY) program