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石墨烯-金奈米金屬陣列於表面增強拉曼(SERS)檢測之應用

Graphene-Au Nanoparticle Arrays for Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Detection

摘要


本研究將石墨烯(graphene)奈米片與聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化銨(poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride, PDDA)合成出表面帶正電之graphene-PDDA,再加入以檸檬酸鈉熱還原法製備表面帶負電之金奈米粒子(AuNPs),經由兩者之間的正負電作用力使得金奈米粒子能均勻吸附於石墨烯奈米片表面,而自組裝成金奈米粒子-石墨烯(Au/Graphene-PDDA)奈米金屬陣列,於表面增強拉曼光譜(surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS)檢測之用,可偵測DNA生物分子腺嘌呤(adenine)及微生物金黃色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)之SERS訊號。由於單層或是少層(few layer)石墨烯奈米片具有(1)優異光學穿透性;(2)可撓性及高比表面積;(3)良好的導熱特性;(4)其苯環結構能作為表面電漿子(surface plasmon)之共振腔之特性,因此具備(1)能減少拉曼散射的損失;(2)提升待測分子之接觸面積;(3)避免待測分子被拉曼雷射損害,增加其穩定性;(4)提高SERS偵測靈敏度等多項優點。藉由改變金奈米粒子與石墨烯奈米片之間的比例,可控制金奈米粒子於graphene-PDDA奈米片上之表面形態及粒子間距,藉此尋找最佳熱點(hot spots)效應,以達到最佳之SERS檢測功效。此SERS奈米光譜技術平台將非常有潛力應用於生物、水污染及食品安全衛生之快速檢測上,例如:孔雀石綠、重金屬離子(水質毒物檢測)、微生物金黃色葡萄球菌(醫療病菌檢測)、銅葉綠素(油品檢測)、DNA(生物分子)等檢測,成為新一代的生醫檢測系統。

並列摘要


In this research, graphene nanoplatelets were functionalized with positive charge of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) bio-detection application, such as adenine and bacteria (staphylococcus aureus). AuNPs were synthesized by the traditional citrate thermal reduction method and then immobilized ontographene-PDDA nanoplatelets with electrostatic interaction. The single layer or few layer graphene nanoplatelets exhibit the following characterizations: (1) great optical transparency; (2) flexibility and high surface area; (3) excellent thermal conductivity; (4) the resonance chamber of the surface plasmon by benzene ring structure of the graphene, which can (1) decrease the loss of Raman scattering; (2) increase the contacted area of the samples; (3) improve the stability of SERS signals to avoid the damage of the samples from laser; (4) enhance the sensitivity of SERS. The resulting nanohybrids of AuNPs/graphene-PDDA were used for SERS detection of biomolecules, water, and food safety, such as malachite green, heavy metal ions (water toxicants), microorganisms (staphylococcus aureus), copper chlorophy II (food oils), small biomolecules (DNA, adenine) and by varying the ratios between AuNPs and graphene-PDDA to achieve the enormous "hot spots" effect. Thus, it is promising in the application of rapid and label-free bio-detection.

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