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  • 學位論文

Hackers Get Together:數位時代的知識交流空間

The Knowledge Exchange Spaces in the Digital Age

指導教授 : 陳良治
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摘要


本研究自既有經濟地理學研究出發,意圖理解在資通訊技術日益發達的數位時代下,實體空間與虛擬空間各自在知識交流過程所扮演的角色。本研究選擇聚集一群善用資通訊科技的行動者於一個實體空間的黑客松(Hackathon)活動為主要的田野,透過訪談與實際觀察黑客松行動者在活動當下的知識交流行為、工作方式,以及其個人分別於實體空間與虛擬空間的使用經驗,並採用「鄰近性(proximity)」理論進行分析,以釐清影響行動者在兩個空間進行知識交流的因素。   整體而言,黑客松可被視為一種暫時性群聚(temporary clusters)。首先,要促成群聚中行動者之間完整且持續的對話,達成知識交流的目的與效果,需要地理鄰近(geographical proximity)、認知鄰近(cognitive proximity)、組織鄰近(organizational proximity)、制度鄰近(institutional proximity)與社會鄰近(social proximity)等要素交織配合。在這些鄰近性因素中,尤以社會鄰近性對行動者交流的知識內容深淺最具影響力。其次,黑客松行動者在黑客松外的虛擬空間使用經驗與習慣,皆會影響其於黑客松中進行知識搜尋與團隊協作的方法,並同時有助加強他們與他人的鄰近性關係,促進彼此於活動當下的互動。最後,黑客松行動者在實體空間與虛擬空間的使用經驗,呈現了兩個空間在知識含量與時機應用的互補動態。在時間有限的黑客松當下,當參賽者確知其所需要的協助時,實體空間能藉其資源匯集性,提供參賽者相應的技術設備,以及深度聚焦的知識諮詢。此外,在參賽者發現技術問題的當下,虛擬空間則能藉其資訊廣泛性,讓參賽者可以直接搜尋他人的經驗,確認問題方向,以縮短尋找解決方案的時間。

並列摘要


Starting from the research of Economic Geography, with a view to the growth of information and communication technology (ICT), this study aims to explore the interactions between physical spaces and virtual spaces in the process of knowledge exchange in the digital age. To clarify the factors influencing the process of knowledge exchange in physical and virtual spaces, this study chooses Hackathons, the events that gather people apt at using ICT to conduct projects in the physical space, as the main study field. Base on the data through observing and interviewing Hackathons’ participants regarding their knowledge exchange, this study applies the “proximity” concept to analyze the dynamics of participants’ knowledge exchange.   In general, this study considers a Hackathon as a form of temporary cluster. Firstly, to facilitate the knowledge exchange between actors in Hackathons, it requires five proximity factors, namely geographical proximity, cognitive proximity, organizational proximity, institutional proximity, and social proximity. Among these factors, this study argues the social proximity is the most influential on the depth of the contents of knowledge exchange. Secondly, actors’ habits and experiences of using virtual spaces outside Hackathons influence the ways of knowledge searching and group cooperation in Hackathons. In addition, the interactions in virtual spaces can help to reinforce their non-geographical proximity, which can be the basis of conversations during Hackathons. Finally, through actors’ experiences of using virtual spaces and working in physical spaces, this study shows the complementary dynamics of knowledge contents and timing in both spaces. Within the limited time period of Hackathons, when participants know exactly what they need, the physical spaces can offer them specific facilities and knowledge via pooling of resources. Besides, when participants notice technical problems, the virtual spaces can offer their wide range of information to help participants find the possible solutions and shorten the time of solving problems.

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