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  • 學位論文

綠色供應鏈下雙回收原料供應源中以市場為導向的製造商採購定價行為

Market-Driven Buyer Pricing Behavior in Supply-Quality-Oriented Dual-Sourcing Recyclable-Material Procurement of Green Supply Chains

指導教授 : 許鉅秉

摘要


本文主要探討問題為綠色供應鏈模式下,以市場需求狀況為基礎的製造商,面對回收原料的不同供應商品質存有差異的情況下之最佳採購定價行為。模型在消費者對單一產品的效用為隨機的情況下,計算一製造商在其所生產但品質可分高低的兩類產品各自市佔狀況以及品質標準,並以此為基礎推斷製造商的最佳原料採購數量和對兩供應商的最佳採購價格。本研究對三種情況進行敏感度分析,分別為:一、在製造商所生產的同種產品之高、低品質款項品質已決定的情況下,隨著高品質款項相對於低品質款項的市佔率上升,製造商與兩供應商間的相對利潤變化;二、隨著高品質原物料轉換為高品質成品比例的變化,製造商與兩供應商的利潤變化;三、隨著高品質原物料轉換為高品質成品比例的變化,兩供應商各自相對於製造商的議價能力變化。透過將製造商的利潤最大化作為主要目標,可計算出兩款產品的相對市佔、價格,以及製造商對兩供應商的最佳訂購量及最佳採購價。本文並以台灣紡織及電子業製造商為例,透過將其採購價及商品售價標準化,檢驗概念模型的有效程度。從資料驗證的結果可發現,三種敏感度分析的推斷方向在真實情況中皆存在,可知在綠色供應鏈中的採購決策須考量面向之多。

關鍵字

綠色供應鏈 製造商 採購 議價 最佳化

並列摘要


The main focus in this study is the optimal procurement pricing behavior of a buyer firm in a market-driven situation with the supply quality of suppliers different in the situation of a green supply chain. The model calculates the respective market share and quality level of two types of the same kind of green product produced by the same buyer firm under the circumstance that a consumer’s utility of buying a product is random, and then further figures out the best procurement quantity and procurement price toward the two suppliers. This study then makes sensitivity analyses for three variables: 1). As the quality levels of the two types of green product are determined, with the relative market share of the high-quality type increases, the following change in the relative profit of the buyer firm and the two suppliers; 2). As the ratio of high-quality material that are transformed into high-quality end product changes, the change in profits of the buyer firm and the two suppliers; and 3). As the ratio of high-quality material that are transformed into high-quality end product changes, the change of bargaining power of the two suppliers toward the buyer firm, respectively. By setting the maximization of the profit of the buyer firm, the relative market share and price of the two types of green product as well as the optimal procurement quantity and procurement price of the buyer firm can be calculated. Furthermore, this study takes several Taiwanese companies manufacturers in the textile and electronics industry as an example and normalizes their procurement price and selling price to testify the effectiveness of the conceptual model. According to the result of verification, the three propositions exist in the real business world, and thus we can realize the complexity of procurement decisions in a green supply chain.

參考文獻


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