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  • 學位論文

社區參與華江雁鴨自然公園生態監測之研究

A Study on long-term ecological monitoring in Huajiang Waterfowl Nature Park for Community Participation

指導教授 : 陳郁蕙

摘要


本研究利用2003~2011年臺北華江雁鴨自然公園的鳥類監測數據,以迴歸分析探討氣候、海象、棲地環境及水質等因素,分別對小水鴨、雁鴨科、鷸鴴科、鷺科、其他鳥類、鳥總隻數及鳥種數的數量影響,評估社區參與生態監測作為保育生物多樣性的依據,實證結果顯示,氣候變遷已實際改變華江雁鴨自然公園的鳥類相,而整體流域管理不當所造成的溼地劣化,也成為水鳥消失的因素之一。 結果顯示,氣溫、降水日數、植被覆蓋率、氣壓及生化需氧量對小水鴨有顯著之影響;氣溫、降水日數、植被覆蓋率、候鳥季、氣壓、生化需氧量及河川污染指標對雁鴨科有顯著之影響;氣壓、氣溫、候鳥季及河川污染指標對鷸鴴科有顯著之影響;候鳥季、氣溫及植被覆蓋率對鷺科有顯著之影響;生化需氧量及河川污染指標對其他科鳥類有顯著之影響;氣溫、降水日數、植被覆蓋率、氣壓、候鳥季、生化需氧量及河川污染指標對鳥類總數量有顯著之影響;氣壓、候鳥季、植被覆蓋率、生化需氧量及河川污染指標對鳥種數有顯著之影響,至於潮汐的海象因子之影響皆不明顯,具體反映環境因子對華江雁鴨自然公園鳥類的影響情況。 此外,鑑於環境影響評估監測缺失及缺乏民眾參與造成重大建設紛爭不斷,社區參與生態監測的基礎資料及在地經驗可補足專家進行環境影響評估之不足,本研究另一貢獻即是將社區居民長期監測資料與學術研究充分結合,研究結果可作為社區投入環境保育的參考。由於臺灣長期缺乏生態環境監測基礎資料,對公共建設環境影響評估結果時有爭議,政府若能提撥固定經費及支援社區參與生態監測,將有利於環境變遷分析及環境政策規畫,而政府、支援團體及社區須作為生態監測三主體,才能達到溼地共管及棲地保育的永續目標。

並列摘要


The study takes the monitoring data of birds from 2003 to 2011 in the Huajiang Waterfowl Nature Park in Taipei to explore such factors as climate, seas, environment of habitats and water quality with the regression analysis and assesses the evidences of conserving biological diversity for communities to participate in ecological monitoring by the influence of the quantity of Anas Crecca, the Anatidae, the Charadriidae, the Ardeidae, other birds, total number of birds and birds species. The empirical results show that climate change has actually changed the species of birds in the Huajiang Waterfowl Nature Park. The deterioration of wetlands caused by the mal-management in the whole waters is also one of factors leading to the extinction of waterfowls. The results show that temperature, rainy days, vegetation coverage, atmospheric pressure and biochemical oxygen demand have a significant influence on Anas Crecca; temperature, rainy days, vegetation coverage, migratory birds’ season, atmospheric pressure, biochemical oxygen demand and river pollution index have a significant influence on the Anatidae; atmospheric pressure, temperature, migratory birds’ season and river pollution index have a significant influence on the Charadriidae; migratory birds’ season, temperature and vegetation coverage have a significant influence on the Ardeidae; biochemical oxygen demand and river pollution index have a significant influence on the total number of birds; atmospheric pressure, migratory bird’s season, vegetation coverage, biochemical oxygen demand and river pollution index have a significant influence on birds species; there is no significant influence on the tidal seas factor. The study specifically reflects the influence of Huajiang Waterfowl Nature Park caused by the environmental factors. In addition, due to continuous disputes about major constructions caused by the lack of environmental impact assessment (EIA) and monitoring and citizen participation, the study finds that the basic data of community participation in ecological monitoring and the local experience of the community can make up for the deficiency for experts to conduct environmental impact assessment (EIA). Another construction of the study is to combine the long-term data monitored by the community residents with academic research so that the research results can used as reference for the community to conduct environmental conservation. Due to the lack of basic data of long-term ecological environmental monitoring, the disputes about the environmental assessment results of public construction often happen. If government can provide fixed funds and support communities to participate in ecological monitoring, it will be beneficial to the analysis of environmental changes and the planning of environmental policies. Moreover, the government, support groups and communities as three main parts of ecological monitoring can achieve the sustainable goals of joint management of wetlands and conservation of habitats.

參考文獻


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