建成圓環的生與死──地方政治與都市設計中的地方

The Death and Life of Jian-Cheng Circle: A Place in the Local Politics and the Urban Design

張晉維(Chin-Wei Chang)

指導教授 ： 夏鑄九

國立臺灣大學/工學院/建築與城鄉研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.01266

摘要

台北市建成圓環是特定歷史階段的經濟、社會與政治過程塑造的空間形式，其活動形態根植於庶民生活，在聚集、消費、交換的脈絡中形成認同，表現共同的價值。然而，風華一世紀的圓環夜市卻在現代國家治理下走入歷史，一個台北城饒富集體記憶的都市地方就此消失。本研究採用歷史研究法，爬梳卷帙浩繁的歷史文獻和新聞材料，爲建成圓環的生與死解秘。對歷史中的建成圓環嘗試理論思考，觀照世界經驗，提擬經濟、政治及意識形態三個面向的分析性假說：（1）夜市是都市之非正式空間，（2）都市計劃爲地方政府之空間干預，（3）技術官僚與現代主義的創造性破壞結果。經由理論與現實並置相互辯證，論析這段結構台灣社會的動態發展後，本文歸納出結論爲：建成圓環係台灣依賴發展下的非正式城市之伴生事物，卻在現代化理論與全球化資本主義貫穿的世界城市中，爲制度僵化的國家機器撩撥與利益分歧的地方政治撕裂，終於，在現代建築師以「生命之環」爲宣言，所執行的都市設計改建行動之下死亡，回首已是百年身。

關鍵字

建成圓環 ； 都市地方 ； 國家 ； 地方政治 ； 都市設計 ； 台北

並列摘要

Jian-Cheng Circle, a building typology of tremendous historical value in Taipei City, Taiwan, was the spatial form shaped by the economic, social and political processes in specific historical stages, its styles of activities rooted in everyday lives of people including food, drink and leisure under escapism of colonization. The common sense of local value emerged when the identification formed through the contexts of congregating, consuming and exchanging. However, the circle night-market which had sustained for more than a century fell away under the governance of modern state; an urban place that was filled with collective memories vanished. This paper was carefully written by reviewing considerable quantities of historical literatures and published reports, using empirical research methodology for demythologizing the death and life of Jian-Cheng Circle. I tried to engage in not only theoretical thinking before immersing myself in the history of Jian-Cheng Circle, but also look after world experience, then, brought up the analytical hypotheses of three main dimensions, including economy, politics and ideology: (1) night-markets are informal spaces in the city, (2) city planning is the spatial intervention of local state, and (3) the result of creative destruction caused by the technological bureaucrat and modernism. After dissecting the dynamic development which fairly structured Taiwanese society by juxtaposing and authenticating the theories and empirical fact mutually, this paper reached the conclusion: Jian-Cheng Circle, a derivative of the informal city in Taiwan under dependent development, was harassed by the state apparatus whose institutions are rigid and torn by the local politics whose advantages are diverse in world cities penetrated by modernist theories and global capitalism. Finally, Jian-Cheng Circle died because of the reformed project of urban design, with the manifesto of “Modern Circle of Life”, roughly implemented by the modernist architects, and can never be redeemed.

並列關鍵字

Jian-Cheng Circle ； urban place ； state ； local politics ； urban design ； Taipei

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