王秋華建築師在台建築之研究

On the Architectural Works of Chiu-Hwa Wang in Taiwan

林均郁(Chun-Yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 王俊雄

淡江大學/工學院/建築學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2008.00372

摘要

本文的目的在探討王秋華建築師的在台灣的建築作品，並建立其建築思考脈絡。
王秋華1925年在北京出生，1946年去美，直到1979年自美返台。至今，在台灣共設計了六十件建築設計案。其中包括了中央研究院美國文化研究所（1972）（現為歐美所圖書館）、中原大學張靜愚紀念圖書館（1985）、中正大學圖書資訊大樓（1992）、文化大學創辦人紀念館（1998）、台中榮總門診醫師職務宿舍（1993）、中原大學全人教育村（2004）、文化大學體育館（2005）。
本文主要研究方法為訪談，而在進行訪談之前則以文獻收集及實地探訪建立訪談題目，其中訪談進行八次，基本上分為兩大脈絡，一為王秋華生平之建立，二為建築基本資料的建立。再由分析文獻資料與訪談先建立起大綱之後，架構起王秋華生平與其在台建築的關聯，再分析她作品的年代與形式風格，以了解王秋華作品與台灣之間的關係，及其設計觀念。

王秋華的建築設計以現代主義理論為基礎，在「環境設計」、「尺度關係」間多所著重。本研究主要發現如下：
（一） 她建築思想受她生長環境背景影響，及她就讀研究所教授Percival Goodman影響，所設計的建築背後皆以「建築師應有的社會責任」為主要考量。

（二） 她對人的關懷反應在空間上，以致她日後在空間組合經常以人與人之間能有較佳互動的「村落」型態安排，也有在配置上呈現「合院」的型態出現，而這樣的空間類型是中國人特有的建築配置，也因為她身在台灣，才能將此空間類型與使用者行為結合的很好。

（三） 她來台後的建築設計形式在中正大學圖書資訊大樓開始有較大幅度的轉變，此外她在文化大學創辦人及文化大學體育館的形式，則反應了台灣的建築的地域性。

關鍵字

王秋華 ； 圖書館建築 ； 環境設計 ； 現代主義建築 ； 台灣建築

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the architectural works of Chiu-Hwa Wang, one of the first generation architects in Taiwan, so as to trace the idea behind these works.
Chiu-Hwa Wang was born in Beijing in 1925. She left for America for studies. Meanwhile, her family immigrated to Taiwan due to the Chinese Civil War. She did not return from U.S.A until her father became sick in 1979. To take care of her father, Wang ended her career in America and came back to Taiwan. Wang designed 49 architectural works and architectural-related projects in America. She has completed 60 architectural designs and architectural-related projects since she came back to Taiwan.
This paper analyses eight of Wang’s works in Taiwan. One of them is the Institute of American Culture Studies of Academia Sinica (now called Library of European and American Studies). The building is built in Taiwan when the architect works in America. “Design of library” is considered Wang’s major influence for the architecture works in Taiwan, including University Library of Chung Yung Christian University in 1985, Main Library and Information Sciences Center of National Chung Cheng University 1992, Founder’s Memorial Library, Chinese Culture University in 1998; the other is “the activity place of human”－ about architectural philosophy, such as Wang’s own house “Residence of Snow” in 1984, Doctors’ Dormitory of Taichung Veterans General Hospital in 1993, Holistic Education Village of Chung Yung Christian University in 2004, and Gymnasium of Chinese Culture University in 2005.
The paper was conducted mainly by way of interviews with Wang. I collect and read relevant documents, visit these sites, and prepare question list before the interview. The interviews focus on both Wang’s biography and collection of basic architecture documents. First, I tried to connect Wang’s life and her architectural works in Taiwan when analyzing documents and setting up an outline of interviews. Then, I tried to explore the relationship among her works, her design concept, and the evolution of her style.
Chiu-Hwa Wang’s architectural designs were based on modernism, with emphasis on the environmental totality and scale. In this paper, we can find :
1. Both Wang’s brought-up background and her instructor Percival Goodman in graduate school exerted great influence on her architectural thought. She puts “social responsibility of an architect” at the first place in her works.
2. Her concerns on human beings are reflected in the arrangement of space-sequencing. As a result, she embedded the concept of traditional village into modern architecture works, some with combination of ho-yuan (a quadrangle in traditional Chinese style) which is characteristic of Chinese architecture. Her living in Taiwan enables her to present a wonderful combination of space and their habitant’s life.
3. After the work “Main Library and Information Sciences Center of National Chung Cheng University”, there’s a great transformation in Wang’s design style. Besides, she presents the architectural territoriality of Taiwan through Founder’s Memorial Library and Gymnasium of Chinese Culture University.

並列關鍵字

Chiu-Hwa Wang ； Library Building ； environment design ； Modern Architecture ； Taiwan Architecture

參考文獻

1985 《台北建築》台北：台北市建築師公會。

古德曼．王秋華．大唐建築師事務所

潘冀．王秋華建築師事務所

Baudrillard, M. Jean（尚•布西亞）

Battles, Matthew（巴托斯）