可撓拍翼之三維軌跡與二維流場探索

The 3D trajectory of a flexible flapping wing and its 2D flow field investigation

葉星志(Hsing-Chih Yeh)

指導教授 ： 楊龍杰

淡江大學/工學院/機械與機電工程學系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.00669

摘要

本研究透過MEMS製程技術與表面黏貼技術結合LED標記，以及夜光漆塗佈標記，使翼展20 cm之拍翼膜撓動顯像，再以運動分析軟體結合立體影像處理，擷取其翼膜撓動的三維軌跡座標，搭配結合於計算流體力學，進行二維拍翼流場的模擬分析。
本研究以Kwon3D擷取翼膜撓動軌跡座標，並利用光學式動作捕捉設備，經KwonCC數位化比例尺，計算出誤差值為0.19 cm。拍翼最高頻率為14Hz，每拍翼週期可擷取72-86張立體軌跡座標。金探子微飛行器之傾斜8字拍翼，在此被確認。文中也有加以論述LED與夜光漆標記點之伏劣。
續以Matlab及Surfer軟體比較翼面之變化及擷取剖面軌跡座標。最後利用Gambit建模讀入Fluent，進行微飛行器拍翼1/4翼展剖面在定常流場狀態下之CFD模擬，創新獲得分析實際拍翼軌跡的二維流場與升、阻力。結果顯示模擬計算出之升力數據與實際風洞升力數據定性相似，咸信為可撓拍翼研究之一項創見。

關鍵字

拍翼 ； Kwon3D ； 三維軌跡 ； 二維流場

並列摘要

This study, through MEMS processing and surface mount technology (SMT), links up with LED and with the luminous paint on the wing surface to get the 3D trajectory coordinates of a flapping wing. Moreover the author used motion analysis software and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver to simulate the 2D flow field under the quasi-steady assumption.
By the stereo-photography using 2 high speed CCDs and the Kwon3D software, the time history of a flapping wing motion were obtained. The wingspan is 20 cm and the highest flapping frequency is 14Hz. There are 70-90 3D pictures for a full cycle of a flapping . Through KwonCC digital scale a margin error is estimated as 0.19 cm. An oblique figure-of-8 flapping of micro-air-vehicle Golden Snitch is confirmed herein. The pros and cons of using LED markers and the luminous paint are addressed as well.
A 2D flow simulation of a flapping wing with the wing boundary data fed from stereo-photography measurement is firstly conducted in this thesis. Matlab, Surfer, and Gambit softwares were used to slice the quarter span cross section from the previous 3D trajectory as the 2D solid boundary for the quasi-steady CFD simulation by Fluent. The time-varying outputs include the 2D flow fields and the corresponding lift and drag coefficients. The one cycle history of lift coefficient subject to 14Hz flapping is qualitatively similar to the experimental data from prior wind tunnel testing.

並列關鍵字

Flapping ； Kwon3D ； 3D trajectory ； 2D flow field

參考文獻

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