台灣公共電視公共化發展之分析－傳播政治經濟學的觀點

財團法人公共電視文化事業基金會自1997年成立前至今，有關其獨立自主的地位與財務問題一直存在，從成立前的是否應設立、如何設立，到成立初期的資源投入、發展方向及目前仍無定論的監督管理機制；均曝露出我國公共廣電制度預算經費性質以及媒體控制的根本性問題，故本研究旨在有效改善公共電視體系與台灣政府、社會各界之間的互動關係。本研究採取傳播政治經濟學研究途徑，欲以公共化理論及我國傳媒公共化過程中有關建構公共電視的文獻資料觀察在歷史脈絡中問題形成的政經結構背景，尋找其關鍵因素及其可能解決方式。研究發現公共電視與政府之間存在的問題，在於資源的分配、使用以及隨之而來的媒體控制的問題；其爭議以財務預算與權責分工為兩大核心，以及因此而衍生出的法律政治問題。最終，欲透過我國政府對於公共化決策過程中的考量及國內外學者、媒體產業人員對台灣公共電視種種問題的指陳與研究討論，對現存的公廣集團提出諸如調整預算法源、建立問責機制及擴大利益基礎等多項可能的政策方向。

關鍵字

公共電視；公廣集團；公共化；傳播政治經濟學

並列摘要

Since before the establishment of Public Television Service Foundation in 1997 up to now, its independent status and financial problems have been exist. Whether it should be establish？ How to establish？ The initial investment of resource puts into, develops of direction, and still have no conclusion about supervision and management mechanism. That problem both the nature of budget and the media control is all expose for Taiwan Broadcasting System（TBS）. Therefore, this study wants to improve the interaction among Public Television Servic, Taiwan government and all sectors of society. This study takes Political Economy of Communication approach, also join the document of Public Television Service which construct by public theory and public process of media, wanting to observe the historical context in the formation of political and economic structure, looking for key factors and possible solution. And found the resource allocation and media control that problems between Public Television Service and the government. There is controversial for two core to the budget and the division of responsibilities, and thus derived from the laws of political issues. Finally, through the problem statement and study for Public Television Service which public process decision-making by government and scholars and the media industry personnel, Put forth a possible policy direction such as adjustment the law origin of budget, accountability System and expansion of interests basis.