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  • 學位論文

評析《遠東高中英文》對於英語動詞補足語結構之處理

A Study of How English Verb Complementation Is Treated in Far East English Reader for Senior High Schools

指導教授 : 賴秋月

摘要


摘要 動詞補足語結構是指讓動詞語義完整或明確的必要句法結構與成分。例如句“We need to discuss the problem.”與“He didn’t want to discuss what had happened.”都是合文法的句子,但是句子“We need to discuss about the problem.”、“We need to discuss.”與“This article discusses that smoking causes lung cancer.”皆不合文法。這樣反映出動詞 discuss不及物用法中需要一個名詞詞組或wh-子句做為受詞的事實。最先兩個句子滿足了這框架,但最後三個句子則沒有。 動詞補足語結構屬於動詞語義上的特質之一,是指動詞後因其動詞語義所具有的限定結構(詞組、子句或兩者兼具)。為了能傳達動詞所蘊含的語義,不同的語義往往有不同的補足語結構,例如動詞apply的語義為「申請」時,補足語結構為不及物句型,語義為「應用」時,補足語結構則為及物句型。台灣的英語學習者常在英語動詞補足語結構上出偏誤卻無法自我覺察,相關研究又極為稀少,導致相關偏誤一直是英語教/學上的難題。因為台灣英語學習者習慣以英語教科書做為學習英語的主要途徑,英語教師也須利用英語教科書進行教學,因此本論文旨在檢視台灣高中英語教科書對於英語動詞補足語結構的處理情形,採用台灣常用高中英語教科書之一的《遠東高中英文》(全六冊),透過課本核心動詞資料庫與Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(第八版)比對建置出的動詞補足語結構三面向(物性、補足語框架及名詞受詞屬性)資料庫,並採用Quirk, Greenbaum, Leech, and Svartvik(1985)對於英語動詞補足語結構的理論,以及Lai(2013)對於台灣英語學習者在英語動詞補足語結構上所做的偏誤分析、Lai(2016)所提出的英語動詞補足語結構之教學理論,仔細檢視《遠東高中英文》(全六冊)對於英語動詞補足語結構的處理情形。研究結果顯示《遠東高中英文》對於英語動詞補足語結構的處理雖有一些優點卻也有不少缺失。本論文針對《遠東高中英文》對於英語動詞補足語結構在每個面向處理上的一些缺失提出改進建議,以期對台灣的英語學習者、英語教師及英語教科書編纂者有所助益。

並列摘要


Abstract Verb complementation refers to the syntactic configuration and elements necessary to complete or specify a verb’s meaning. For instance, the sentences “We need to discuss the problem” and “He didn’t want to discuss what had happened” are grammatical, whereas “We need to discuss about the problem,” “We need to discuss,” and “This article discusses that smoking causes lung cancer” are not. This reflects the fact that the complementation frame of the transitive verb “discuss” requires a noun phrase or a wh-clause as its object. The first two sentences satisfy this frame, while the last three sentences do not. Verb complementation is a property of the verb sense rather than the verb as a whole unless the verb is monosemous. This means that there is a fixed combination of transitivity and verb pattern(s) (phrases, clauses or both) determined by the verb sense in a given sentence. To convey the implied sense of the verb, different senses usually require different complementations. For example, when the sense of the verb apply is “REQUEST,” as in “By the time I saw the job advertisement, it was already too late to apply,” “I applied for several jobs there,” or “He will apply to Harvard University,” the verb allows of an intransitive configuration with the pattern of a null object or a prepositional phrase. However, when the sense of apply is “USE,” as in “We’ve found it difficult to apply these ideas,” it allows of a transitive configuration with the pattern of a noun phrase as its object. English learners in Taiwan often make errors in English verb complementation unawares. Research that addresses this issue, however, is few and far between. Since English textbooks are the most important materials for English learners in learning English and for English teachers in teaching English, this thesis aims to investigate how English verb complementation is treated in a popular set of English textbooks in Taiwan called Far East English Reader for Senior High Schools. Research tools include Quirk, Greenbaum, Leech, and Svartvik’s (1985) analysis of English verb complementation, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (8th edition), Lai’s (2013) analysis of learner errors in English verb complementation, and especially Lai’s (2016) theory of English verb complementation for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) pedagogy, which takes into account the three major features of verb complementation: transitivity, complementation frame (i.e. verb pattern), and NP object attribute (i.e. selectional restrictions that the accusative noun phrase might have). Treatment of English verb complementation in the given set of English textbooks is found to have its strengths and weaknesses. Pedagogical suggestions regarding how it can be improved are provided for EFL learners, teachers, and textbook compilers.

參考文獻


參考文獻
Aarts, B. (2001). English syntax and argumentation. New York: Palgrave Press.
Benson, M., Benson, E., & IIson, R. F. (1986). Lexicographic description of English. Studies in Language Companion Series. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Benson, M., Benson, E., & IIson, R. F. (2010). The BBI combinatory dictionary of English: Your guide to collocations and grammar (3rd ed.). Philadelphia / Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Bourke, J. M. (2007). Verbal complementation: A pedagogical challenge. Reflections on English Language Teaching, 6(1), 35-50.

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