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  • 學位論文

影響臺灣地區高血壓、高血糖、高血脂盛行率可能危險因子之研究

Potential risk factors associated with hypertension,hyperglycemia,hyperplasma prevalences in Taiwan

指導教授 : 黃怡婷
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摘要


由於民眾的生活及飲食習慣逐漸改變,國人的十大死因已從傳染疾病轉變為以慢性病為主,而心臟病及糖尿病為2006年十大死因的前四名。本篇論文希望找出影響臺灣地區民眾高血壓、高血糖、高血脂之危險因子,使一般民眾在生活及飲食習慣有參考的依據,並可提供衛生單位制定政策之參考。本研究資料採用行政院衛生署國民健康局91年「台灣地區高血壓、高血糖、高血脂盛行率調查」資料,採分層多段等機率抽樣,將台灣地區359個鄉鎮市區,依所屬地域的不同,分成七層(大台北都會區、台北縣與基隆市、桃竹苗、中彰投、雲嘉南、高屏澎及宜花東),抽出「鄉鎮市區」,再依人口數多寡抽出「鄰」,每鄰抽取4戶進行訪查,訪視含追蹤時間由91年3月至91年10月止,有效問卷7578份,採得檢體6602份,剔除檢體及問卷的缺失值後,完整資料計6542筆,以此資料進行資料分析。以羅吉斯廻歸找出高血壓的危險因子為男性、腰臀比異常、年齡較大者、父母親皆患過高血壓;高血糖的危險因子為男性、腰臀比異常、年齡較大者、父母親皆患過糖尿病;高血總膽固醇的危險因子為腰臀比異常、年齡較大者、父親患過高血壓、母親患過高血脂;高三酸甘油脂的危險因子為男性、腰臀比異常、母親患過高血脂或糖尿病、無運動習慣、嗜吃油炸食物。對高血壓、高血糖、高血總膽固醇建構多項logit模型,腰臀比異常容易罹患三高;女性罹患三高發生率較低;父母親有患過高血壓者,罹患三高發生率較高,父母親有患過糖尿病者,罹患三高發生率明顯較高。三高的共同危險因子為「腰臀比」,應全面推動成人健康檢查或全民健康檢查增加量測項目,使一般民眾重視腰臀比的重要性。

並列摘要


The major causes of death in Taiwan have switched from infectious diseases to chronic illnesses due to the change of life style and diet. The heart disease and diabetes are listed as two of the top four causes of death in 2006. The purpose of this thesis is to identify possible influential factors that are associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperplasma. The result of this study can provide guidance in life style and diet to prevent hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperplasma. Also, the government can use the result to establish the prevention program. This study utilized the data from Prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperplasma in Taiwan collected by the Bureau of Health promotion, Department of health. The survey used the multi-stage random sampling design. 359 towns and districts are classified into 7 regions. The towns and districts were randomly selected from 7 regions. The number of neighbors in the regions was selected based on the population in the regions. 4 households were selected from each neighbor. The duration of the survey was from 3/2002 to 10/2002. The number of effective questionnaires was 7578 and 6602 out of 7578 had the serum samples. The eligible respondents were 6542 after eliminating the missing values. The logistic regression was used to identify the potential risk factors that were associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperplasma. Gender, abnormal waist-hip ratio, age, whether respondents’ parents had hypertension were related to the hypertension. Hyperglycemia was highly associated with gender, abnormal waist-hip ratio, age, whether respondents’ parents had diabetes. Hyperplasma was highly associated with abnormal waist-hip ratio, age, whether respondents’ father had hypertension, whether respondents’ mother had hyperplasma. High cholesterol was associated with gender, waist-hip ratio, age, whether respondents’ mother had hyperplasma or diabetes,exercise, and preference of eating scrambling, flying and decocting food. The baseline category model was used to find the possible factors that were highly associated with all three symptoms. The factors that were associated with all three symptoms were gender, age, abnormal waist-hip ratio, the disease status of respondents’ parents. Since the waist-hip ratio is the common risk factor for having hypertension , hyperglycemia and hyperplasma.When performing health evaluation,this item should be included so that citizens will reconize the importance of waist-hip ratio.

參考文獻


4.行政院衛生署國民健康局,2003,91年臺灣地區高血糖、高血脂、高血壓盛行率調查。
5.行政院衛生署國民健康局,2004,高血壓防治手冊。
6.行政院衛生署國民健康局,2003,糖尿病防治手冊。
7.行政院衛生署國民健康局,2003,高血脂防治手冊。
15.謝米枝,2006,高雄縣居民高血糖高血脂高血壓盛行率及城鄉差異之探討,高雄醫學大學醫務管理學研究所。

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呂雅惠(2010)。台灣地區中老年人長期生活滿意度研究〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-0102201022331500

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