堆高機及起重機操作者資格改採技能檢定之問題探究

The Study of Operators' Qualification for Fork Lifters and Cranes- Issue of the changing for Skill Examinations

黃啟瑭(Chii-Tang Hwang)

指導教授 ： 王安祥

國立中正大學/社會科學院/勞工關係學研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

中華民國於2009年及2011年分別以行政命令，將堆高機及起重機教育訓練期末測驗改採技術士技能檢定方式。凡依勞工安全衛生教育訓練規則規定，參加堆高機及起重機操作人員教育訓練期滿，不再發給結業證書，改發期滿證明，並需報考技術士技能檢定合格，始具操作人員資格。本研究參酌中華民國、美國、英國及日本等國相關法規資料，比較各國對堆高機及起重機操作人員資格取得方式；本研究共計訪談16位包括勞工團體、企業及雇主團體、政府機關、訓練機構、技能檢定辦理單位及術科監評人員之專家，以瞭解堆高機及起重機操作人員教育訓練測驗，改採技術士技能檢定方式的影響性及合宜性。研究結果為職業安全衛生法中並未明訂堆高機操作者資格取得方式，且改採技能檢定後，造成僅以荷重分類、術科實習時數不足、場地地目違法使用、外籍勞工操作資格取得未有配套措施及等待測驗時間冗長等影響。建議勞動部進行職業安全衛生法之修正，將堆高機職類比照起重機分類，並適度增加實習時數，亦可採原地考照方式縮短證照取得時間；期能提供勞工更完整的技能訓練，增進勞工就業福祉，降低職業災害發生率。

關鍵字

起重機 ； 堆高機 ； 技術士技能檢定 ； 教育訓練

並列摘要

In 2009 and 2011, Republic of China published administrative decrees to change the final test of the Education and Training of fork lifters and cranes into Technician Qualification Examination. According to Regulations for Labor Safety and Health Education and Training, the operators will get a Certificate of Completion instead of a Certificate after receiving the education and training of operationg fork lifters and cranes. Then they must pass Technician Capacity Accreditation to be a qualified operator. This researcher reviewed all relevant laws of Republic of China, America, British, and Japan, compared the ways to acquire the qualification of operators of fork lifters and cranes. In order to understand the effects and conformity of transformation from Education and Training into Technician Capacity Accreditation of fork lifters and cranes, this research interviewed sixteen participants including labor institutes, entrepreneurs, employers, government instituteions, training organizations, skill examination institutes, and skills test monitors. The research finds that occupational Safety and Health Articles do not verify the acquirement of operators’ qualification of fork lifters and cranes, which, in turn, results in classification only by loading, insufficient hours of physical training, illegal use of land category, no coordinated sets of measures of the qualification acquirement of foreign labors, and prolonged waiting time of testing. The research suggests that Ministry of Labor modify the occupational safety and health act, classify crnes like fork lifters, increase practicum hours, consider to adopt license test at original site to shorten license acquirement. Therefore, more complete skill training can be provided, labor welfare will be increased, occupational accidents will be decreased.

並列關鍵字

fork lifter ； cranes ； Technician Skills Certification and Issuance of Certificates ； Education and Training

參考文獻

厚生労働省(平成18年)，労働安全衛生法施行令，網址：

労働安全衛生法(平成18年)，網址：

楊忠政（2004），《如何降低堆高機操作之人為失誤》，工業安全衛生月刊，183，45-49。

劉泗銘（2003），《從職業災害談勞工安全衛生教育訓練》，工業安全衛生月刊，171，14-22。

財団法人安全衛生技術試験協会(2011), 移動式クレーン運転士受験資格,