大學教師的工作壓力與因應策略初探-以南部某大學為例

A Preliminary Investigation of Job Stress and Coping Strategies in University Teachers: A University in Southern Taiwan as an Example

蘇昭菁(Chao-Ching Su)

指導教授 ： 楊智育

義守大學/管理學院/管理碩博士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

在教育環境急遽變遷與少子女化現象的衝擊下，大學教師的身份與工作被重新定位，導致他們承受的工作壓力越來越大，長期的工作壓力容易使教師對教育工作產生職業倦怠並降低工作品質。教師的身心健康狀態與教育的品質息息相關，瞭解工作壓力來源與因應策略有助於改善教師的身心健康並提高教育品質。本研究以問卷調查的方式對南部某私立大學150位教師進行調查，結果顯示：(1)教師認為花很多時間在學校的工作，他們覺得工作沒有保障並感受到許多的心理壓力。(2)教師會使用問題解決策略有計畫地採取行動解決問題，他們也會從正向的情緒層面來因應工作壓力。(3)工作壓力感受方面，女性、年輕、資淺、助理教授、生物醫學學院、兼任行政職或週工時較長的教師感受到相對較大的工作壓力。(4)壓力因應策略方面，女性教師較會採取多元的因應策略，年輕與資淺的教師比較容易使用效果不良的策略。(5)教師工作疲勞度愈高，愈容易採取逃避的因應方式。教師工作掌控度愈高，解決問題的態度也愈積極。(6)與常模比較，教師比一般工作者投入更多時間和心力在工作上。

關鍵字

大學教師 ； 工作壓力 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

The social identity and job of university teachers are repositioned caused from the impact of education environment sharply changes and the phenomenon of low birth rate. These factors were induced more and more working pressure on them, and the long-term working pressure is easily to induce job burnout and reduce working quality. The health of teachers is closely related to the quality of education, therefore the understanding of working pressure sources and the related countermeasures are helpful to improve the health of teachers and enhance the quality of education. In this study, 150 teachers of one private university in Southern Taiwan were investigated through Questionnaire survey, the result shows: (1) Teachers think they need to spend a lot of time in school work, they feel no job security, and suffer psychological pressure. (2) Teachers can take actions to resolve the problems by problem-solving strategies, and they also use positive emotion in response to the working pressure. (3) In terms of the feeling of working pressure from eight study catalories, female, young, junior, assistant professors, Biomedicine collage, part-time administrative staffs, and teachers are with long weekly working hours feel relatively higher working pressure. (4) In terms of stress coping strategies, female teachers are more likely to adopt diversified coping strategies, however, young and junior teachers tend to use adverse strategies. (5) Teachers are with higher working fatigue will tend to use the coping strategies of avoiding problem. Teachers are with high working control level, they are more active for problem-solving. (6) Compare with norm, teachers spend more time and effort in the work than general worker.

並列關鍵字

university teacher ； job stress ； coping strategy

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