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  • 學位論文

銀行業獲利因素之研究

A Study of the Profit Factors for the Banking Industry

指導教授 : 陳正倉
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摘要


銀行業在2015年由金管會帶頭推出「打造數位化金融環境3.0」(Bank 3.0)計畫後,全員呼籲起轉型浪潮,金融科技(FinTech)發展與數位銀行(Bank 3.0)伊始,效益不敷成本考量改變了傳統金融的樣貌。與此同時,不少分行遭到裁撤。   平實而言,追溯自開放民營銀行以來,臺灣整體金融業已有巨大的變化。由於市場胃納有限、業務同質性高,不斷地惡性競爭,寬鬆授信政策、提昇服務品質,存放款利差大不如前,存放比逐年下降。再者,緊接著雙卡風暴、次貸危機流竄演變為2008年全球性經濟危機,許多原因致使國內銀行業經營日趨艱困,尤以存放款業務為主軸的傳統銀行更甚。   探討當存放比率的消長、放款結構與逾放比的改變、人力結構的轉換、分行家數減少及造成的員工人力縮減、自動化服務設備的調整與手續費收入佔比等因素,對銀行業獲利能力會造成什麼樣的影響,是本研究的主要興趣所在。   本研究選取2004年至2016年臺灣地區39家銀行的年資料。結果發現與全體銀行業獲利能力之間:(1)逾放比為顯著負相關;(2)ATM數量為顯著負相關;(3)消費性貸款、中小企業貸款兩項比重為顯著負相關;(4)手續費收入佔比為顯著正相關。此外,比較公股銀行與民營銀行獲利因素發現,在逾放比率、員工人數、ATM數量、員工平均年歲、中小企業貸款比重及手續費收入佔比等因素有明顯的差異。

並列摘要


Since the introduction of the “Bank 3.0” by the Financial Supervisory Commission in 2015, the banking industry has been promoting transformation, the development of FinTech and Bank 3.0. However, the costs of these measures outweighed the benefits. These measures changed the traditional banking industry and many branches were closed as the result. Since the government allowed private-run banks in the banking industry, Taiwan’s financial industry has seen great changes. However, a limited market size with similar types of operations among banks has resulted in cutthroat competition, loose credit policies, improved services and declining interest spread and loan-to-deposit ratio. The credit card/cash card crisis and the global financial crisis in 2008 (caused by the subprime mortgage crisis) have brought even more challenges to the banking industry in Taiwan, particularly those that mainly dealt with deposits and loans. This study explores the impact of the following factors on banks’ profitability: change of loan-to-deposit ratio, loan structure, non-performing loan ratio, human resources structure, declining number of branches (and the layoffs), adjustment to automatic teller machines, fee income ratio and other factors.    This study has selected the annual data from 39 banks in Taiwan between 2004 and 2016 and discovered the following: (1) significant negative correlation for non-performing loan ratio; (2) significant negative correlation for the number of ATMs; (3) significant negative correlation for the ratio between consumer loans and SME loans; (4) significant positive correlation for fee income ratio. In addition, a comparison of the profit factors between government banks and private banks shows a significant difference in non-performing loan ratio, number of employees, number of ATMs, average age of employees, SME loan ratio, fee income ratio and other factors.

並列關鍵字

Profit Factors FinTech Bank 3.0 ROA ROE Non-Performing Loan Fee Income

參考文獻


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