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  • 學位論文

論語與當今的品德教育之研究

The research of Confucian analects and present's character guidance

指導教授 : 袁保新

摘要


教育是國家未來發展的希望,國民教育主要是在實施社會教化,培養理想的公民,提供他們生存所需的基本知能,並為他們追求進一步的教育作好準備工作。在這一、二十年來,當局高教政策的鬆綁,及國教九年一貫課程的改革,為提升國民整體的教育水準。但是環視社會問題卻未見改善,學子學習態度不佳、自殺率居高不下、離婚怨偶逐年攀升、人民生活的痛苦指數攀升、偷盜拐騙的犯罪事件更是層出不窮令人怵目驚心。社會病了的主因,是學校、家長對學子在知識升學上的過度重視,反而對品德涵養與文化傳統嚴重的輕視忽略。 社會的亂象,在在的顯示了,我們的教育方向偏了,出了問題了?教出來的學生不像學生、老師不像老師,父不慈、子不孝、兄不友、弟不恭…等等,衍生出一些社會問題。既然病了,總得用正確的藥來醫吧!教育方向錯,就得趕快拉回來,如何達到教育的目標-樹立好國民,則是今日重要的課題。 本論文即是以當今教育失敗所產生的社會問題為起點,重新探討今日的學生須要用論語來做教材,最適合來提昇他們個人的品德涵養,並且可以延續我國固有文化傳統的美德,為主要課題。 本論文共分成五章,第一章為緒論,敘述本論文的研究動機、目的、方法和取材的範圍。 第二章為陳述孔子承續中國文化的道統的由來。為何以孔子為主要的承接者,又他個人的高尚人格有那些特徵值得後人學習。 第三章為論語當中對人文教化的綱目,即儒家所闡述的優良道德孝、弟、忠、信、仁,並且逐一做介紹,加以整理說明。 第四章為論語與當前學生品德教育的對應,說明品德教育的意涵。並說明孔子的教育理念,透過論語中的教條與學生應有的規範相結合。建立德性涵養為人生首要重視的課題。 第五章為為結論與建議。本章總結本論文所研究之各觀點,及論語在品德教育正面影響的案例,對於提昇孩子品德素養的助益,提出本人的研究論述與建議。

關鍵字

教育 品德 論語 孔子 教化

並列摘要


Education is the hope of our country’s future development. Civil education aims at the implementation of social enlightenment, the cultivation of ideal citizens and provides them the basic knowledge of survival skills or the well preparation for them to pursue further education. In order to enhance the education level of all the citizens, our government has extended the boundary of higher education and reform the curriculum of primary education. Inspecting the social problems recently, the situation hasn’t made any improvement. The students’ learning attitude is not good, The suicide rate remains high. The rate of divorcement and unhappy marriages keeps increasing year by year. People’s living misery index keeps rising. Not to mention how astonishing to witness the unceasing commitment of criminal events these days. The main cause of all these social ills is that not only the school teachers but the parents put too much emphasis on students’ scholar performance and the proportion of students entering schools with a higher grade. On the other hand, they seriously ignore the value of moral education and cultural traditions. The chaos in our society shows that the purpose of our country’s civil education oriented wrongly and there must be something wrong with our educational system which taught out students aren’t like students, teachers don’t behave like teachers, and the parent has not been kind. There are no filial sons, but unfriendly and contemptuous brothers, and so on. Some social problems are derived from all these morbid states. Therefore, according to the social sickness, we must use the right drugs to cure it right away! We have to pull back up and put the education in the right direction. So today’s main issue is to achieve the ideal education goal – how to cultivate a good and decent citizen. This thesis is based on today's educational failure arising from social problems as a starting point, and to reconsider the possibility of using the Analects of Confucius as the teaching materials which suit to enhance students’ personal morals, and can extend the virtues of our traditional culture. This thesis was divided into five chapters. The first chapter: Introduction describes the motivation, purpose, methods, and the related materials in this area. Chapter II continue to state the origins of Confucianism which are supposed as the orthodoxy of Chinese culture and the reasons of why Confucius as a major undertaking and the person who has his own noble characters which are so valuable to the future generations. The third chapter shows the detailed outlines of the Analects about human enlightenment; in other words, the moral characters which are expounded and propagated by Confucian: benevolence, faith, filial piety, brotherhood, and loyalty. In the chapter I will introduce them one by one and give further explanation. Chapter IV is to analyze the correspondence between the Analects of Confucius and the current moral education of students and to discuss the meaning of moral education. Furthermore, I will explain the Confucian concept of education management through the doctrine of the Analects, combining with the norms for students. In my opinion, the establishment of a man with a great virtue is a critical issue in one’s life. The fifth chapter contains the conclusion and recommendations. This chapter concludes different view points in this study and sites some successful cases which are influenced positively by Analects of Confucius’ moral education. At the end, in this research paper I will present my personal opinions and suggestions about the benefits of raising a child with great virtues.

並列關鍵字

education moral The Analects Confucius enlightenment

參考文獻


牟宗三,《中國哲學的特質》,台北,學生書局,1994。
袁保新,《孟子三辨之學的歷史省察與現代詮釋》,台北文津出版社,1992。
袁保新,《老子哲學之詮釋與重建》,台北,文津出版社,1991。
蔡仁厚,《中國哲學史》,台北,學生書局 ,2009。
唐君毅,《中國文化之精神價值》,台北,正中書局,1979。

被引用紀錄


李信男(2016)。應用讀經課程進行國小六年級學生品德教育之行動研究〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614050519

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