沮喪勞工、隱藏性失業者、與犯罪率

Discouraged Workers, Disguised Unemployment, and Criminal Rates

鄭伊雯(Yi-Wen Cheng)

指導教授 ： 林彥伶

淡江大學/商管學院/經濟學系經濟與財務碩士班/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2019.00325

摘要

本論文探討具特殊心理狀態的勞工與犯罪率之間的關聯性。勞動市場中的沮喪勞工以及隱藏性失業者在心理上可能會承受較大壓力，文獻研究發現憂鬱會造成偏差行為的產生，甚至出現攻擊與犯罪行為的發生。本論文使用台灣六個政府單位的統計數據資料，包含內政部警政署警政統計、行政院主計處人力資源暨運用調查、行政院主計總處家庭收支調查、教育部統計處、內政部戶政司戶口調查、以及行政院主計處薪資及生產力統計。以犯罪率為應變數，預測沮喪勞工與隱藏性失業者以兩階段迴歸方法估計這兩類勞動人口對犯罪率的影響，並比較單一階段迴歸與考慮內生影響後的兩階段迴歸結果。實證結果發現考慮內生影響後的兩階段迴歸結果比單一階段迴歸有更明顯的犯罪趨勢與顯著性，其中的沮喪勞工對整體犯罪率有正向的顯著結果，隱藏性失業者對整體犯罪率則是負向的顯著結果。推測是因為隱藏性失業者多是想更換工作的人，因此並不會做出不利於找工作的事，沮喪勞工則是處在無業的憂鬱狀態，出現失序行為的可能性相對較顯著。

關鍵字

沮喪勞工 ； 隱藏性失業者 ； 犯罪率

並列摘要

This paper explores the correlation between special psychological states and crime rates on labor. The so called discouraged workers and hidden unemployed workers in the labor market may be under higher psychological pressure. Literature studies have found that depression can lead to deviations and even attacks and criminal behavior. This paper uses the statistical data from six government units in Taiwan, including the Police Administration Statistics, Human Resources and Utilization Survey, the Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the Education Statistics, the Household Survey, and the Salary and Productivity Statistics. Using the crime rate as the dependent variable, we estimate the impacts of the ratios of discouraged workers and hidden unemployed workers on the crime rate by using a Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) Regression Analysis, and compare the results with the results of the Ordinary Least Squares regression (OLS). The empirical results show that the 2SLS regression results after considering the endogenous impact have more obvious crime trends and significance than the OLS regression results. The discouraged workers has positive results and significance for the overall crime rate, and the hidden unemployment rate for the overall crime rate is a significantly negative effect. We consider that hidden concealed people are mostly people who want to change jobs, so they do not make things that are not conducive to finding a job. Discouraged workers are in an unemployed state of depression, therefore the possibility of disordered behavior is relatively significant.

並列關鍵字

Discouraged Workers ； Disguised Unemployment ； Criminal Rates

參考文獻

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