護理女大學生運動階段、憂鬱症狀與生活品質之研究

A Study of Stage of Exercise, Depressive Symptoms, and Quality of Life Among College Nursing Female Students

詹之朮(Chih-Shu Chan)

指導教授 ： 李碧霞

臺北醫學大學/護理學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解護理女大學生的運動階段、憂鬱症狀及生活品質現
況，以及三者間的關係。採橫斷式研究設計，以台北縣、市95 學年度
五所國、私立大學、獨立學院暨醫學大學所有年級之護理女大學生為研究對象，共發出792 份問卷，回收752 份問卷，實際有效問卷721 份（有效回收率91.0%）。研究工具包括運動階段量表、貝克憂鬱量表第二版中文版（BDI-II）、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷表
（WHOQOL-BREF）。以SPSS 11.0 套裝軟體進行統計分析，包括描述
性〔次數、百分比、平均值、標準差、最大值、最小值〕及推論性統計〔單因子變異數分析、最小顯著差異事後檢定與史比爾曼等級相關〕等分析。研究結果發現：一、研究對象的運動階段以準備期（44.4%）佔最多，其次依序為意圖期（25.7%）、行動期（10.8%）、無意圖期（10.7%），而以維持期 （8.5%）佔最少；二、研究對象憂鬱症狀平均得分為9.11 ± 7.50 分（滿分為63 分），以正常範圍（76.7%）居多，23.2%具有憂鬱傾向；三、研究對象不同運動階段在憂鬱症狀上有顯著差異（F = 2.65, p = .032），且維持期、行動期及準備期的憂鬱症狀平均得分低於無意圖期；四、研究對象生活品質四個範疇中，以生理健康範疇的平均得分（M = 14.02）為最高，其次依序為社會關係（M = 13.55）、環境範疇（M = 13.17），而心理範疇的得分（M = 12.60）為最低；五、研究對象不同運動階段在生活品質的生理健康（F = 6.54, p = .000）、心理（F = 4.55, p = .001）、社會關係（F = 4.06, p = .003） 及環境範疇（F= 7.16, p = .000） 上有顯著差異，且維持期、行動期和準備期的生理健康、心理、社會關係及環境範疇平均得分顯著高於無意圖期；維持期的生理健康、心理、社會關係及環境範疇平均得分顯著高於意圖期；六、研究對象運動階段與生活品質的生理健康（r = .17, p = .000）、心理（r= .14, p = .000）、社會關係（r = .13, p = .001）及環境範疇（r = .18, p= .000）呈顯著正相關；運動階段與憂鬱症狀得分（r = -.08, p = .025）呈顯著負相關；而憂鬱症狀與生活品質的生理健康（r = -.44, p = .000）、心理（r = -.56, p = .000）、社會關係（r = -.35, p = .000） 及環境範疇（r= -.35, p = .000） 則呈顯著負相關。建議護理學校應重視護理女大學生的運動問題，營造運動生活化的校園環境，以提升護理女大學生的生活品質、降低憂鬱症。

關鍵字

護理女大學生 ； 運動階段 ； 憂鬱症狀 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

The study intends to learn more about stage of exercise, depressive symptoms and quality of life among college nursing female students and the relationships among the above three. The design of this study is a crosssectional study, in which 792 survey questionnaires consisting of college nursing female students in 5 national and private universities, independent colleges and medical universities in Taipei City and County in 2007. Out of the 792 questionnaires, 752 were returned and 721 of them are valid returned for further analysis (response rate: 91.0%). The tools used for the study are Stage of Exercise questionnaires, BDI-II and WHOQOL-BREF. The software SPSS 11.0 was used to perform the statistic analysis, which includes descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum) and inferential statistic analysis (one-way ANOVA, post-hoc comparisons by Least Significant Difference and Spearman Rank Order Correlation). The study shows: 1. The preparation accounts for most of the stages of exercise among targt population of the study (44.4%), followed by contemplation (25.7%), action (10.8%) and pre-contemplation (10.7%), and
the last is the maintenance (8.5%); 2. The average score for the depressive symptoms is 9.11 ± 7.50 (63 in total). Most of them are in the normal range (76.7%) and 23.2% show signs of depression; 3. The depressive symptoms demonstrate significant differences (F = 2.65, p = .032) in different stages of exercise, and the average scores for depressive symptoms in maintenance,action and preparation are lower than that for pre-contemplation; 4. In the 4 major domains of the quality of life, the highest average score goes to physical health domain (M = 14.02), followed by social relationships domain (M = 13.55) and environmental domain (M = 13.17), and the lowest goes to psychological domain (M = 12.60); 5. In different stages of exercise, display significant difference in physical health (F = 6.54, p = .000), psychological (F
= 4.55, p = .001), social relationships (F = 4.06, p = .003) and environmental domain (F = 7.16, p = .000) of the quality of life, and the average scores of physical health, psychological, social relationships and environmental domain
in maintenance, action and preparation stages are far higher than those in precontemplation stage. Also, the average scores of physical health, psychological, social relationships and environmental domain in maintenance are higher than those in contemplation; 6. The stages of exercise find positive correlation with the physical health (r = .17, p = .000), psychological (r = .14, p = .000), social relationships (r = .13, p = .001) and environmental domain (r
= .18, p = .000) of the quality of life; the stages of exercise are in a negative correlation with the scores of depressive symptoms (r = -.08, p = .025); and the depressive symptoms are in a negative correlation with the physical health (r = -.44, p = .000), psychological (r = -.56, p = .000), social relationships (r = -.35, p = .000) and environmental domain (r = -.35, p = .000) of the quality of
life. It is recommended that the nursing schools should pay more attention to the exercise problem among college nursing female students and create a campus that exercise becomes part of life in order to promote the quality of life for these female students and to reduce the depressive symptoms.

並列關鍵字

college nursing female students ； stage of exercise ； depressive

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(2003). A shool-based exercise intervention elicits substantial bone

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