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  • 學位論文

觀眾對當代音樂演出的美感體驗初探

Exploring Audience’s Aesthetic Experience of Contemporary Music Performance

指導教授 : 劉蕙苓

摘要


表演藝術觀眾在臺灣一直屬於小眾市場。過去,許多研究嘗試以量化量表去描繪這群觀眾的樣貌,希望能作為表演藝術團體開發觀眾的策略參考。然而,閱聽人的「體驗」與詮釋的「主動性」在當代社會越發被重視,藝術經驗也不應該例外,亦是需要討論的觀眾現象之一。 研究者在參與表演藝術團體經營的過程中,對音樂觀眾如何詮釋文本產生好奇。關切閱聽人如何主動參與和詮釋文本,文學研究中的「接收美學」為其中一代表性理論;當閱聽人被所觀看的事物觸動,「覺得美」、「被感動」的歷程,學理上就稱為「美感體驗」。循此,本研究欲了解觀眾(閱聽人)在聆賞當代音樂演出過程中,產生何種美感體驗、如何與文本(音樂演出)進行交流及詮釋,並嘗試發現在當代音樂演出中美感體驗的歷程。 考察「美感體驗」的意涵及發展脈絡後,本研究從審美哲學、接收美學典範取經作為思辨基礎,後根據深度訪談資料質性紮根並對應理論。研究發現,審美視域是引發美感體驗歷程與評價好壞的重要因素。面對音樂文本的當下性,具有音樂訓練背景之觀眾較一般觀眾,更容易擁有理性分析文本結構的審美能力,能更熟練的用自身經驗去詮釋、同理文本,因知性思辨而獲得審美愉悅的狀況更多;而一般觀眾則是較容易出現開闊性的審美經驗連結。每個人的美感體驗歷程都相當複雜,就有如一個個相似又具個別差異的有機循環鏈;面對抽象的音樂文本,沒有人會解釋出完全相同的意義,但每個人又會在其中共享一些社會文化價值。交流過後無論產生好或壞的評價,都會成為下一次審美循環的養分。

並列摘要


Performing arts audiences in Taiwan have always not been so much. Many researches have try to describe performing arts audiences through quantitative researches, giving some advice about how to develop more audiences. However, the "experience" of the audience and the "initiative" of the interpretation are more and more valued in contemporary society, and the experience of art should not be an exception. It is also one of the audience phenomena that needs to be discussed in qualitative way. In this study, we use Reception Theory (Reception Aesthetics), which emphasizes each reader’s (audience’s) reception or interpretation in making meaning from a text, trying to explore what aesthetic experience the audience (listeners) experienced in listening to contemporary music performance, how they communicating with the music text (musical performance) and interpreting their experiences. It is found that horizon of expectations is an important factor in the process and result of aesthetic experience. Professional music audiences have great ability to analysis structure of music text and tend to have aesthetic pleasure through rational. Most general audience’s aesthetic link based on their life experiences. Amateur audiences have both character, so their aesthetic experience process is the most abundant. Each person's aesthetic experience process is quite complex, no one will explain the exact same meaning, but each person will share some of the social and cultural values.

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