台灣社會工作實務者發展增強權能策略之探討

The Strategies of Empowerment Developed by Social Workers in Taiwan

謝盛瑛(Sheng-Ying Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 黃彥宜

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2013.00186

摘要

有關增強權能的相關文獻多偏重於服務案主，然而位於一線服務弱勢者的社會工作實務者經常得面對不公義的社會情境，在權力不足與資源匱乏的情況下，容易衍生出「無力感」與「缺權」的困境。是故，本研究即在於探究台灣社會工作實務者的無力感、缺權與增強權能的經驗與因應策略。研究設計是運用深入訪談訪問四位具有豐富的個人、人際與集體增強權能經驗的資深社會工作實務者。
本研究結果發現他們有五項共同性：
一、是懂得在社工困境中尋求生存的能力，包括助人使命感是投入工作的原動力、擁有整合社工價值、知識與技巧的專業能力和能動性；
二、是離職之外還有很多可能性，包括個人單槍匹馬與機構進行談判、聯合集體力量與機構進行協商；
三、是個人增強權能可衍生出改變的權能，包括懂得排解負面的工作情緒、積極參與政策制定和積極開創自己的職涯；
四、善用網絡連結創造資源；
五、善用「聯盟」和集體行動方式爭取案主與自身權益。
本研究強調增強權能成功的關鍵是「權力」，社工社群也需關注培養社會工作者「批判性思考」的能力、倡導社會工作實務者的勞動權益和人力發展等。

關鍵字

增強權能 ； 缺權 ； 無力感 ； 增強權能策略 ； 社會工作實務者

並列摘要

Most of the literature around the issues of empowerment is focused on how to empower clients. Front-line social workers' shortage of power and resources are likely to make them feel disempowered when confronting injustice for their clients. Therefore, how to empower social workers becomes an important issue. This study aims to explore social workers' experiences of powerlessness and disempowerment in their workforce, as well as the strategies created by social workers to overcome their disadvantages in bureaucracy and to empower themselves. An in-depth interview method was employed to interview four experienced social workers. Each had initiated diverse empowerment strategies at the personal, interpersonal and collective level. The results of this study showed several findings of interest. First, their strong commitment to social work led them to overcome difficulties. They were agentic actors and capable of integrating the values, knowledge, and skills of social work. Second, they initiated a range of strategies, including personal and collective efforts, to negotiate with agencies. Third, when a social worker felt empowered, they were capable of dealing with negative emotions, being active in policymaking, and ambitiously pursuing their career development. Fourth, networking was valuable at an interpersonal level for social workers. Fifth, collective action and alliance were important means through which to fight for the rights of clients and of social workers. In sum, this study highlights that the key to empowerment is power. It is important for the social worker community to cultivate social workers' abilities of critical reflection and to advocate for the right to work and the issues of labor.

並列關鍵字

empower ； disempower ； powerlessness ； empowerment strategies ； social worker

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