儲蓄互助社的社區服務

本研究採用質性研究方法中的多重個案研究，研究對象為新竹家祿儲蓄互助社、台中水湳儲蓄互助社、台南玉井儲蓄互助社。想了解儲蓄互助社投入社區服務的動機、內涵、過程、困難，並且分析出儲蓄互助社投入社區服務的成功因素。儲蓄互助社投入社區服務是因為領導者有意識想要宣傳儲蓄互助社、實踐儲蓄互助社的精神，並且受到政府政策的催化。而儲蓄互助社投入社區服務的過程，則可分為從教會出發、走入社區、深耕社區三個階段，而這三個階段的發展則會受到理監事的態度、社會經濟環境、政府政策的影響。投入社區服務之後，為儲蓄互助社帶來正面以及負面的影響。正面的影響為提升社員對儲蓄互助社的凝聚力、增加社員和儲蓄互助社的互動網絡、提升社員對儲蓄互助社的正向觀感、儲蓄互助社成長、提升儲蓄互助社的能力、經營模式改變，以及使社會大眾更認識儲蓄互助社、增加與社區組織的互動、政府單位更認識儲蓄互助社、帶動其他儲蓄互助社投入社區服務，而負面的影響則是增加工作量。雖然正面的影響很多，但是因為增加工作量會增加儲蓄互助社的幹部和專職的負擔，若負擔無法負荷，則可能會影響儲蓄互助社投入社區服務的程度。而投入社區服務之後，儲蓄互助社的凝聚型社會資本、橋接型社會資本、連結性社會資本都增加了。另外，儲蓄互助社投入社區服務會面臨到缺乏人力、資源、服務對象不信任，以及法律限制的困難。而儲蓄互助社能克服困難去投入社區服務的成功因素為理監事和專職願意支持和付出、社員會帶來資源，並且形成服務網絡，以及在鄉村地區福利機構少。最後，分別對政府單位、中華民國儲蓄互助協會、儲蓄互助社和社會工作在儲蓄互助社投入社區服務方面提出建議。

關鍵字

儲蓄互助社；社區服務；社會資本

並列摘要

This study is implemented by multiple-case study of qualitative research methods. Subjects of study are Chia-Lu Credit Union in Hsinchu, Sui-Nan Credit Union in Taichung and Yu-Jing Credit Union in Tainan. This study is to explore the reasons why credit unions doing social community services and what social community services they have done. And how do credit unions do social community service, and what difficulties they have had? And further analysis the key successful factors of delivering social community services by the credit unions. Because leaders of credit unions want to promote the ideals of credit union and practice the spirit of the credit union, so credit unions started to do social community services. Government policy would also push credit union to provide social community services. The ways of credit unions doing social community services can be divided into three stages:（1）work in the church;（2）work in the community;（3）do social community services. Leaders’ attitude to social community service, the economic boom and government policy would influence credit unions weather doing social community services or not. After credit unions doing social community services, credit unions have positive changes but also having a negative change. Positive changes are:（1）improve bonding between the credit union and members of credit union;（2）increase interactive network between the credit union and members of credit union;（3）enhance the positive perception of the credit union;（4）the growth of the credit union;（5）enhance the ability of the credit union;（6）management mode change;（7）make the public understand the credit union better;（8）increase interaction with community organizations;（9）make the government units understand the credit union better;（10）drive other credit unions involved in doing social community service. The negative change is increasing workload. Increased workload will increase board members, supervisory members and employees’ burden. If they can’t load the burden may affect the extent of the credit union involved in social community services. After credit unions doing social community services, their bonding social capital, bridging social capital and linking social capital have increased. Credit unions face the lack of human resource, financial resource, service users do not trust, and the legal restrictions when they doing social community services. The reasons why that credit unions can successfully do social community services:（1）board members, supervisory members and employees are willing to support social community services;（2）members of credit union can bring resource to the credit union;（3）board members, supervisory members, employees, volunteers forming a service network;（4）lack of welfare institutions in their neighborhood. In the end of the study, there are some suggestions for government, Credit Union League of the Republic of China, credit unions, and social work based on the research findings.