國營事業民營化員工休閒參與、工作壓力、身心健康與工作績效關係之研究─以中華電信公司為例

The Relationship among Leisure Participation, Work Pressure, Physical and Mental Health and Job Performance of Privatization of State Enterprises Employees─ a case study of Chunghwa Telecom Company

簡俊哲(Chun-che Chien)

指導教授 ： 黃有傑

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討國營事業民營化員工休閒參與、工作壓力、身心健康與工作績效之關係，以中華電信公司員工為對象，探討不同個人屬性在休閒參與、工作壓力、身心健康之差異情形，並根據員工的休閒參與情形、工作壓力大小、身心健康狀況與工作績效的表現度，探討休閒參與、工作壓力、身心健康與工作績效四者之間的相關與影響情形，進而提供給中華電信公司及尚在進行民營化之國營事業訂定管理策略參考，冀能提昇公司營運績效。

依中華電信現行組織層級連總公司在內計有31個分公司及營運處，本研究首先採用集群抽樣方法，從中選取台北營運處、台中營運處及高雄營運處三處，再從此三處中以配額抽樣比例的方式抽樣，共發出400份問卷，取得有效問卷為397份，有效問卷率高達99.25％，並以信度分析、描述性統計及獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析與迴歸分析等統計方法進行實證分析。

研究結果發現，國營事業民營化公司員工不同個人屬性變項在休閒參與、工作壓力、身心健康構面上，具有部分顯著差異。員工之休閒參與對工作壓力呈現負向影響關係，且對身心健康呈現正向影響關係；另外工作壓力對身心健康則呈現負向影響關係，且工作壓力對工作績效也呈現負向影響關係；由以上分析結果，表示員工休閒活動參與越多，工作壓力就會越降低，員工身心也會越健康，進而會越提昇工作績效。

本研究結果將建議中華電信公司及未來國營事業民營化之公司應盡力提倡休閒活動，增設休閒設施，並鼓勵員工多參與休閒活動；同時也應適量進用新進人力；還要重新檢討工作劃分原則，制定新的工作規範及準則，設法讓員工了解公司明確保障員工工作權、薪資之決心，減輕員工工作壓力；另外必須開辦考取證照及創新、創意之訓練課程，辦理競賽，激發潛能；最後要作好充分的規劃準備及溝通協調，減少抗爭凝聚向心力，創造公司更亮麗的營運績效。

關鍵字

工作績效 ； 身心健康 ； 工作壓力 ； 休閒參與 ； 國營事業

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the privatization of state enterprises employees leisure participation, the relationship between work pressure, physical and mental health and work performance, and Chunghwa Telecom employees as objects of personal property in leisure participation, work pressure, differences in physical and mental health situation, and casual employees involved in the case, the size of work pressure, physical and mental health and work performance expressivity explore leisure participation, work pressure, physical and mental health and job performance between the case to find out each other''s between key influencing factors, and thus available to Chunghwa Telecom Company, and is still in the privatization of state-owned enterprises seting to management strategy reference, to enhance the company''s operating performance.

Meter in accordance with the existing organizational hierarchy with Chunghwa Telecom Corporation, including 31 branches and operations at the study used cluster sampling method to select from Taipei operating at, Taichung operating at, and Kaohsiung operating at three, and then from this threesampling quota sampling proportion, issued a total of 400 questionnaires were valid questionnaires were 397 valid questionnaires rate up to 99.25%, and reliability analysis, descriptive statistics and independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA and regressionanalysis and statistical methods for empirical analysis.

The results showed that the variables of different personal attributes of the privatization of state enterprises employees participate in leisure, work pressure, physical and mental health of the structure surface, with some significant differences. Of casual employees to participate in a negative effect on the relationship between the pressure of work presented, and render positive influence on the physical and mental health; addition, the working pressure negative effect on the relationship between physical and mental health, and working pressure also showed a negative impact on job performance; by results of the above analysis, staff leisure activities to participate more work will be more pressure to reduce employees'' health will be more healthy, and thus will be more to enhance job performance.

The results of this study will recommend Chunghwa Telecom Company and a company of the future privatization of state enterprises should endeavor to promote leisure activities, additional leisure facilities and to encourage employees to participate in leisure activities; should also be the right amount into with new human; would also like to re-review the work principle of classification Finally, develop new norms and guidelines, and try to let employees know the company and explicit guarantees employees the right to work, the determination of the salary for, to help reduce the work pressure; addition must be set up to obtain a license, innovation, creativity training courses, apply for the contest, and inspire potential; for adequate planning and preparation of communication and coordination, reduce the struggle cohesion centripetal force, creating more beautiful operating performance.

並列關鍵字

job performance ； physical and mental health ； leisure participation ； State-owned enterprises ； work pressure

參考文獻

曾瀞瑤(2004)。醫學中心護理人員工作壓力與身心健康之相關探討。未出版碩士論文，國立台灣大學公共衛生學院醫療機構管理研究所，台北市。

顏建賢、黃有傑、陳晉彥(2010)。社區見學旅遊休閒效益之評估研究：以桃米社區為例。農業推廣文彙。55。

行政院衛生署國民健康局(2007)。職場紓壓達人。臺北市：行政院衛生署國民健康局出版社編輯部。

李青穎(2007)。藥師人員工作壓力、休閒行為與身心健康之相關研究。未出版碩士論文，華梵大學工業工程經營資訊管理研究所，新北市。

蘇國興(2004)。台北市國小教師工作壓力、運動行為與身心健康之相關研究。未出版碩士論文，台北市立師範學院國民教育研究所，台北市。