摘要
過江藤為多年生匍匐性草本植物，分布於中國南方及臺灣。2004年6月於台大實驗林和社苗圃藥用植物園中，發現過江藤有突然枯萎的現象。初期病徵包括地基部的莖壞疽、葉片黃化及褐化；隨著莖部壞疽部位的增加，被感染植株最後枯萎死亡；而壞疽的植物組織覆蓋一層白色菌絲及褐色圓球形之菌核（直徑0.5-1.0mm）。本研究利用0.1%次氯酸鈉進行罹病組織表面消毒1分鐘後，再將罹病組織置於水瓊脂培養基中培養，可分離出白絹病菌；然後將盆缽培養的過江藤幼苗進行接種實驗，來確認白絹病菌對過江藤的病原性。接種源包括菌絲及菌核兩種，接種時將接種源置於植株的莖基部，而未接種病原菌的植株作為對照組，每種處理接種6株植株，實驗重覆一次；所有實驗植株皆置於室溫中進行觀察。接種植株在4天內出現田間相同之病徵，在被感染的組織上有菌核形成，並可再分離出白絹病菌；而未接種的植株未出現任何病徵。本病病菌最適生長溫度為28-32℃，以32℃最佳。白絹病菌可以感染許多種植物，但在過江藤則為首次的病害紀錄。
並列摘要
Greene Verbenaceae (Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene) is an evergreen frutex distributed in Southern China and Taiwan. In June, 2004, a sudden wilt of Greene Verbenaceae was observed in a nursery of Hoshe Medical Plant Garden. Initial symptoms were stem necrosis at the soil line, yellowing and tan discoloration of leaves. As stem necrosis progressed, infected plants wilted and died. Necrotic tissues were covered with whitish mycelia differentiating into reddish brown spherical (0.5 to 1.0mm diameter) sclerotia. Sclerotium rolfsii was consistently isolated from the infected tissues that were sterilized for 1 min in 0.1% NaOCl and then plated on aqueous agar plates. The blight was reinduced by inoculation of the Greene Verbenaceae seedlings with mycelia and sclerotia of S. rolfsii on the basal stems. Uninoculated plants were served as controls. All test plants were kept in greenhouse at room temperature. Symptoms occurred on inoculated plants within 4 days, while the control groups remained healthy during the experiment. Sclerotia developed on infected tissues and S. rolfsii was re-isolated from infected tissues. Optimal temperature range was 28-32℃for fungal growth in vitro with optimum temperature at 32℃. The southern blight can infect on many species of plants, but this study was the first on Greene Verbenaceae.
延伸閱讀
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