臺大實驗林沙里仙區楠櫧林帶之臺灣赤楊植群研究

Vegetation of Alnus Formosana Forest in the Machilus-Castanopsis Zone in Salisen Area, the Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University

陳德仁(Der-Ren Chen) ； 李金玲(Chin-Ling Lee) ； 許炳修(Ping-Hsiu Hsu) ； 陳和田(He-Tien Chen) ； 薛燕璘(Yen-Lin Hsueh) ； 呂福原(Fu-Yuan Lu)

《中華林學季刊》 40卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 165-183

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200706.0002

摘要

本研究針對臺大實驗林和社營林區沙里仙區楠櫧林帶之臺灣赤楊天然林調查其植物社會之類型、分布及構造變化，探討其更新狀況，進而推估其演替序列變化。調查16個樣區(16×20m×20m)經統計分析結果顯示，研究區共記錄維管束植物計98科264種。以重要值指數(IVI)依優勢種將區內之植群，利用多變數統計群團分析法分析結果，分為5林型及4個亞型；而環境因子分析顯示，影響植群分布因子以方位、地形位置與海拔高呈正顯著相關，地形位置與土壤含石率為負顯著相關，與各林型於DCA軸與環境因子相關性相符；又經種間相關分析顯示，與臺灣赤楊生態區位相似者13種，推測將來會取代臺灣赤楊成為楠櫧林帶優勢樹種。
以優勢種直徑級分布及株數變化，探討各林型組成動態，推估其演替趨勢結果顯示：臺灣赤楊－駁骨丹林型為初期演替；阿里山千金榆－臺灣赤楊林型、水麻－臺灣赤楊林型、臺灣赤楊－山鹽青－山黃麻亞型為中期演替;臺灣赤楊－長梗紫苧麻－漸尖葉新木薑子亞型、臺灣赤楊－阿里山雨傘仔－臺灣櫸亞林型、臺灣赤楊－山肉桂－細葉饅頭果亞型為後期演替；最後臺灣赤楊終將消失，為香楠－瓊楠－臺灣山香圓林型取代，成極盛相森林植群。

關鍵字

臺灣赤楊 ； 楠櫧林帶 ； 多變數統計群團分析法 ； 種間相關性 ； 降趨對應分析 ； 演替

並列摘要

This study analyzed the composition changes, distribution and vegetation types in order to understand the regeneration and age-distribution of the natural forests of Formosan Alder (Alnus formosana) in Salishien area (Nantou county), Hoshe Tract of the Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University. A total of 16 plots (20m×20m) were set up in the study area at 1,000~1,500m above sea level, and 264 species in 98 families of vascular plants were recorded. Five main forest types and four subtypes were recognized by MVSP method. The results obtained from the estimation of their environmental factors showed a positive relationship among aspect, topography and altitude, but a negative one between topography and soil stoniness. The result matched with that of DCA analysis. According to the results of interspecies correlation analysis, 13 species were found similar to Formosan Alder and might overtake it to become the dominant species in this Machilus-Castanopsis forest zone.
The diameter distribution and population changes of the dominant species were analyzed to project the vegetation dynamics and succession trend of the forest. The results showed that Alnus formosana-Buddleia asitatica forest type was in the primary succession stage; Carpinus kawakamii-Alnus formosana forest type、Debregeasia edulis-Alnus formosana forest type and Alnus formosana-Rhus chinensis-Trema orientalis forest subtype were in the middle stage, and Alnus formosana-Villebrunea pedunculata-Neolitsea acuminatissima forest subtype, Alnus formosana-Ardisia stenosepala-Zelkova serrata forest subtype and Alnus formosana-Cinnamomum insularimontanum-Glochidion rubrum forest subtype were in the latter. The Formosan Alder forest would disappear at last and be taken over by Machilus zuihoensis-Beilschmiedia erythrophloia-Turpinia formosana forest type, the climax vegetation in this area.

並列關鍵字

Alnus formosana ； DCA ； interspecies correlation analysis ； Machilus-Castanopsis forest zone ； MVSP ； succession