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土肉桂與陰香形態特徵及精油特性之研究

Morphological Features and Essential Oil Characteristics of Cinnamomum Burmannii and C. Osmophloeum

摘要


陰香(Cinnamomum burmannii)因具有生長快速、枝葉濃鬱,甚受國內景觀業歡迎,並引用於環境綠美化,惟因葉部形態和台灣特產且極具經濟價值的土肉桂(C. osmophloeum)頗為相似,以致常造成混淆。為鑑別二者,故先觀察兩者外部形態之主要特徵,其次以水蒸氣蒸餾法抽取全台各地之造林木葉部精油,再使用氣相層析儀及氣相層析/質譜儀確認其組成,並利用化學特徵分類。試驗結果顯示:以形態特徵觀察,土肉桂的小枝淡綠色,而陰香小枝為紅色;陰香果實之宿存花被片先端呈截斷狀,而土肉桂幾乎完整保存,均為重要的鑑別依據。二樹種之葉部精油依化學組成之特性,以主成份分析法(principal component analysis, PCA)解析,顯示土肉桂之主成份為反式肉桂醛(trans-cinnamaldehyde),其他含量較多者,尚有醋酸香葉酯(geranyl acetate)、醋酸肉桂酯(cinnamyl acetate)等;而陰香以其主成份,則可分為芳樟醇型(linalool type)、1,8-桉葉素型(1,8-cineole type)、1,8-桉葉素/α-水芹烯混合型(1,8-cineole/α-phellandrene type)、1,8-桉葉素/對-聚傘花素混合型(1,8-cineole/p-cymene type)、龍腦型(borneol type)、龍腦/1,8-桉葉素型(borneol/1,8-cineole type ),及肉桂醛型(cinnamaldehyde type)7種化學品系(chemical race),故可根據形態特徵、葉部精油之芳香氣味及特有成份,鑑別土肉桂與陰香,並辨識陰香的品系。

並列摘要


Due to fast growing and thick canopy, Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) are popular among domestic landscapers and widely planted for ornamentation. But appearance of its leave, closed to that of important indigenous cinnamon (C. osmophloeum), easily causes confusion. To differentiate two cinnamons, major morphological features were observed. Steams extracted leaf essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Then chemical components were categorized. Morphological features shown that twigs of C. burmannii and C. osmophloeum are light green and red. Shape of persistent perianth lobe front edge for C. burmannii is truncated; respective shape for C. osmophloeum is rounded. Both findings above are very important criteria. Chemical components of two cinnamons were categorized by principal component analysis (PCA): the major component of indigenous cinnamon is trans-cinnamaldehyde, with significant geranyl acetate and cinnamyl acetate; the major component of Indonesian cinnamon contains linalool type, 1,8-cineole type, 1,8-cineole/ α-phellandrene type, 1,8-cineole/p-cymene type, borneol type and cinnamaldehyde type. Indonesian and indigenous cinnamon, as well as different strains of Indonesian cinnamom, could be hence differentiated based on morphological features, specific gradients of leaf essential oil and fragrances.

被引用紀錄


林怡文(2017)。芬多精成分之生心理效益初探-以α-蒎烯及芳樟醇為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201700454
羅啟元(2012)。樟屬植物葉子精油之抗發炎活性〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2012.01944
許瀞文(2014)。台灣原生植物香料粉之研發〔碩士論文,國立高雄餐旅大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0018-2107201416264300

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