Reduction in Childhood Malnutrition in Vietnam from 1990 to 2004

越南1990至2004年兒童營養不良下降的情形

Nguyen Cong Khan ； Le Danh Tuyen ； Tran Xuan Ngoc ； Phan Hoai Duong ； Ha Huy Khoi

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 16卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 274-278

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2007.16.2.11

摘要

採用五個全國性調查的資料評估越南在1990至2004年兒童營養不良情形是否下降。營養不良的盛行率，包含發育遲緩、體重過輕1990年的45%顯著降低到2004年的26.6%。1990至2000年間每年平均降低1.3%，2000年至2004年之間每年則下降1.8%。發育遲緩的盛行率自1990年的56.5%降低至2004年的30.7%，在1990至2000年之間每年平均降低2%，2000年至2004年之間每年則下降1.5%。都會、鄉村及山區的營養不良盛行率下降情形有明顯的差異，降低最多的是都會地區，最低的則在山區。迴歸分析顯示兒童營養狀況與較佳的家戶居住狀況及父親的教育程度有關，與母親教育程度則無關。父母親為農民，並且其家庭的小孩數目較多者，發育遲緩率較高。發育遲緩盛行率在有安全飲用水的家戶及衛生的廁所較的家戶較低。像1990至2004年之間兒童營養不良的盛行率急遽的降低，在未來可能無法持續。需要採用更加全面的方法以降低越南兒童營養不良的情形。

關鍵字

營養不良 ； 越南 ； 發育遲緩 ； 貧窮

並列摘要

Reduction in childhood malnutrition in Vietnam between 1990 and 2004 was assessed using data from 5 national surveys. The prevalence of malnutrition, including stunting, declined significantly for underweight from 45% in 1990 to 26.6% in 2004. While the average reduction was 1.3% per year in the period from 1990 to 2000, it was 1.8% per year in the period from 2000 to 2004. The prevalence of stunting declined from 56.5% in 1990 to 30.7% in 2004, with an average reduction of 2% per year in the period from 1990 to 2000 and 1.5% per year in the period from 2000 to 2004. There were clear differences in the decrease in malnutrition prevalence between urban, rural and mountainous areas, the reduction being highest in the urban regions and lowest in the mountainous　areas. Regression analysis showed that the nutrition status of the child is positively related to better household living conditions and to the educational level of the father, but not the mother. Stunting is higher in children　whose parents are farmers and higher in households with more children. Stunting prevalence is lower in households with safe water access and hygienic toilets. In future, the dramatic reduction is childhood malnutrition as seen in the period 1990 to 2004 might not continue. More comprehensive apptoaches will be needed to lower childhood malnutrition in Vietnam further.

並列關鍵字

malnutrition ； Vietnam ； stunting ； poverty